Property talk:P227

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GND ID
identifier from an international authority file of names, subjects, and organizations (please don't use type n = name, disambiguation) - Deutsche Nationalbibliothek

Represents	GND ID (Q54506313)
Associated item	German National Library (Q27302)
Applicable "stated in" value	Integrated Authority File (Q36578)
Has quality	VIAF component (Q26921380)
Data type	External identifier
Template parameter	en:Template:Authority control: |GND= – Template:Authority control (Q3907614)
Allowed values	1[012]?\d{7}[0-9X]|[47]\d{6}-\d|[1-9]\d{0,7}-[0-9X]|3\d{7}[0-9X]
Example	universe (Q1) → 4079154-3 (RDF) Jehan Sadat (Q212190) → 118604740 (RDF) Wolfgang Domhardt (Q1504481) → 1200055586 (RDF) Washington County (Q484538) → 4253976-6 (RDF) Slovenian Red Cross (Q12800001) → 1231643-X (RDF) Atelier de Création Radiophonique (Q754069) → not applicable Bavarian Red Cross (Q812433) → 36607-9 (RDF) person with disabilities (Q15978181) → 4005279-5 (RDF) person with disabilities (Q15978181) → 4189397-9 (RDF)
Source	https://portal.dnb.de
Formatter URL	https://d-nb.info/gnd/$1
Robot and gadget jobs	DeltaBot does the following jobs: <DeltaBot-viaf>
Tracking: differences	Category:GND different on Wikidata (Q55746867)
Tracking: usage	Category:Pages with GND identifiers (Q8709075)
Tracking: local yes, WD no	Category:GND not on Wikidata (Q56825653)
Related to country	Germany (Q183) (See 253 others)
See also	DNB editions (P1292), Deutsche Biographie (GND) ID (P7902), Sächsische Biografie (GND) ID (P1710), Library of Congress authority ID (P244)
Lists	Items with the most statements of this property Count of items by number of statements (chart) Items with the most statements Items with the fewest statements Count of items by number of sitelinks (chart) Items with the most sitelinks Items with the most sitelinks, but no link to one Wikipedia (sample: Welsh Wikipedia, cywiki) Items with the fewest sitelinks Most linked wikis Items with the most identifier properties Items with no other external identifier Items with no other statements Most recently created items Items with novalue claims Items with unknown value claims Usage history (total) Usage history (main statement) Mix'n'match (Report) Mix'n'match (Report) Database reports/Complex constraint violations/P227 Database reports/Constraint violations/P227 Map Random list
Proposal discussion	Proposal discussion
Current uses	Total 2,099,642 Main statement 1,320,360 out of 8,630,754 (15% complete) 62.9% of uses Qualifier 11 <0.1% of uses Reference 779,271 37.1% of uses
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Explanations [Edit]

The Integrated Authority File (GND) is managed by the German National Library in cooperation with various library networks in German-speaking Europe and other partners.

Allowed qualifiers

List of qualifiers

Wikidata qualifier (Q15720608)	entity (Q35120)	Example
named as (P1810)	person (Q215627)	Najib Mahfouz (Q7176): Maḥfūẓ, Naǧīb
named as (P1810)	geographical feature (Q618123)	universe (Q1): Weltall / Kosmos <Begriff>
alternative name (P4970)	person (Q215627)	Édith Piaf (Q1631): Gassion, Edith G.
start time (P580)	geographical feature (Q618123)	Belleville (Q815949): 1860
end time (P582)	corporate body (Q106668099)	Lviv University (Q80207): named as (P1810): Universität Lemberg ( -1939)
point in time (P585)	event (Q1656682)	Chaos Communication Congress (Q516804): 2005
object has role (P3831)	person (Q215627)	Mark Twain (Q7245): named as (P1810): Twain, Mark + object has role (P3831): pseudonym (P742)
object has role (P3831)	geographical feature (Q618123)	Tomb of the Scipios (Q1540716): named as (P1810): Rom / Scipionen-Grab + object has role (P3831): cross-reference (Q1302249)
object has role (P3831)	term (Q1969448)	book publisher (Q1320047): named as (P1810): Verlag + object has role (P3831): quasi-synonym (Q2122467)
applies to part (P518)	geographical feature (Q618123) corporate body (Q106668099)	Peace Palace (Q834448): architectural structure Peace Palace (Q834448): organization
located in the administrative territorial entity (P131)	corporate body (Q106668099)	Academic Press (Q2076913): New York / San Diego
sex or gender (P21)	term (Q1969448)	pianist (Q486748): male / female
scope note (P9570)	work (Q386724)	Xenien (Q523255): Goethe / Schiller
identifier shared with (P4070)	term (Q1969448)	Orient (Q205653) ≈ Q1947733
reason for deprecated rank (P2241)		redirect (Q45403344) undifferentiated identifier value (Q68648103) refers to different subject (Q28091153) unconfirmed (Q28831311)
intended subject of deprecated statement (P8327)		In addition to refers to different subject (Q28091153)

See: property constraint (P2302) = P227#P2302 (P227#P2302)

Notes

• For subject headings the GND uses quasi-synonym (Q2122467) what is useful for libraries but does not fit to Wikidata:
  • publisher (Q2085381), GND 4063004-3: identifier shared with (P4070): book publisher (Q1320047); publishing industry (Q16023725)

• If there are duplicates: Please mark preferred GND with "preferred" rank (see Help:Ranking).
  • Lists of possible duplicates: Wikidata:Database reports/Identical GND ID and Property talk:P227/Duplicates

• Error reports
  • Error report on German Wikipedia: de:WP:GND/F
  • List of undifferentiated identifier value (Q68648103): Wikidata:WikiProject Authority control/Tn

• Databases to look up the GND: Online-GND (English; German) and DNB-Portal.

Known VIAF/GND problems

VIAF is helpful but also often incorrect, outdated, and is mixing two identifier systems that in some cases produce dead links.

1. Johannes Fabian (Q15641418), VIAF 91414487 merged in January 2014 three GNDs, only one was correct:
   1. GND 107342049: Fabian, Johannes R., undifferentiated
   2. GND 122878310: Fabian, Johannes (* 1937), Amerikan. Anthropologe
   3. GND 172084180: Fabian, Johannes R., Dipl.-Ing.
      • Update: now both Wikidata and VIAF have only one GND
2. VIAF changes numbers with dashes: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Q268072).
   1. GND 1026669-0 (correct)
   2. VIAF-GND 004164695 ("404 Not Found")
3. Same name + same year of birth = different person
   1. In some cases VIAF merges two persons because only one of them has a GND
   2. Please use: GND = "no value" (for the person without a GND) [1]
   3. For items often confused use: different from (P1889)
4. For unknown reasons VIAF is not importing all GND ids
   1. Samuel Ramos (Q7412445) = GND 1022446479 (created 16-05-12)
   2. June 2015: 3 years later the GND id still not harvested by VIAF
      • DNB and VIAF have been made aware of the problem, there might have been a harvesting glitch during the first weeks of the GND going live in April 2012: GND records which never have been touched since then are still unknown to VIAF (as an estimate about 15.000 GND records for persons created in early summer 2012 are not represented in VIAF). [7. Jun. 2015‎ Gymel]
      • Update: GND 1022446479 added to VIAF:59099151 on 2015-07-12.
5. In some cases VIAF clusters get deleted instead of merged
   1. Åke Blomström (Q270863): VIAF 228866914; taken care by KrBot
6. In rare cases VIAF clusters are reused for a different item
   1. William of Ockham (Q43936): VIAF:41835567 in 2015
      1. Lorenzo Traversagni (Q18674108): VIAF:41835567 in 2016
      2. William of Ockham (Q43936): VIAF:262145669298005170004 (created 2016-02-28)
   2. Drew Fudenberg (Q1258707): till 2016-09-25 VIAF:59183378 (now: "First National Bank of Lynn")
7. In the case a conflated VIAF cluster was used for creating an item, see Help:Conflation of two people (Wikidata:VIAF/cluster)

Format “(|1[012]?\d{7}[0-9X]|[47]\d{6}-\d|[1-9]\d{0,7}-[0-9X]|3\d{7}[0-9X])”: value must be formatted using this pattern (PCRE syntax). (Help) List of this constraint violations: Database reports/Constraint violations/P227#Format, hourly updated report, SPARQL

Conflicts with “instance of (P31): Wikimedia disambiguation page (Q4167410), Wikimedia list article (Q13406463)”: this property must not be used with the listed properties and values. (Help) Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Known exceptions: Kingdom of Granada (Q1495642) List of this constraint violations: Database reports/Constraint violations/P227#Conflicts with, SPARQL

Single value: this property generally contains a single value. (Help) Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. List of this constraint violations: Database reports/Constraint violations/P227#Single value, SPARQL

Distinct values: this property likely contains a value that is different from all other items. (Help) Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Known exceptions: Q196538, Q912313, Q19786, Q83367, Q302, Q51666, Q695368, Q206587, Q1301203, Q35672, Q1779748, Q15407350, Q15407351, Q20852, Q2293670, Q84, Q23306, Q520867, Q1110145, Q1787342, Q1803227, Q695, Q1588974, Q164256, Q1111292, Q6257, Q1662807, Q1502013, Q2515177, Q414110, Q514802, Q1780615, Q1780476, Q630163, Q1454729, Q152002, Q955464, Q439072, Q841090, Q1360467, Q695316, Q1454727, Q683834, Q864640, Q772835, Q853085, Q116, Q1097498, Q58968, Q381142, Q6256, Q7275, Q179043, Q214518, Q1232145, Q1803430, Q315027, Q1571264, Q329676, Q7380391, Q1803272, Q1787368, Q1305171, Q5261695, Q14756366, Q34497, Q192184, Q151843, Q301751, Q675085, Q1454726, Q17955, Q3059502, Q44352, Q155570, Q1460, Q4951156, Q15608499, Q2456068, Q40, Q533534, Q21010, Q15058181, Q1148511, Q170213, Q7473516, Q1490, Q67996, Q3905364, Q865, Q22502, Q707297, Q17353989, Q637238, Q690821, Q13362, Q693570, Q19831595, Q1206262, Q170390, Q697084, Q5923, Q1803420, Q2839, Q16332967, Q20883, Q20892, Q1396026, Q1787565, Q20791505, Q13344, Q157575, Q20808141, Q429850, Q19311569, Q277759, Q1700470, Q742421, Q2088357, Q41662, Q8867089, Q11634, Q350268, Q321087, Q13165156, Q6877935, Q104602244, Q163446, Q5309708, Q105375866, Q6087062, Q107434788, Q1783171, Q108353503, Q12764792, Q7777494, Q1147752, Q93438884, Q3508687, Q2994505, Q110551885, Q7377, Q111396014, Q159462 List of this constraint violations: Database reports/Constraint violations/P227#Unique value, SPARQL (every item), SPARQL (by value)

Qualifiers “named as (P1810), sex or gender (P21), point in time (P585), start time (P580), end time (P582), located in the administrative territorial entity (P131), applies to part (P518), object has role (P3831), reason for deprecated rank (P2241), alternative name (P4970), mapping relation type (P4390), scope note (P9570), intended subject of deprecated statement (P8327), identifier shared with (P4070)”: this property should be used only with the listed qualifiers. (Help) Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. List of this constraint violations: Database reports/Constraint violations/P227#Allowed qualifiers, SPARQL

Scope is as main value (Q54828448), as reference (Q54828450): the property must be used by specified way only (Help) Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. List of this constraint violations: Database reports/Constraint violations/P227#scope, SPARQL

Conflicts with “instance of (P31): Wikimedia category (Q4167836)”: this property must not be used with the listed properties and values. (Help) List of this constraint violations: Database reports/Constraint violations/P227#Conflicts with, hourly updated report, search, SPARQL

Allowed entity types are Wikibase item (Q29934200): the property may only be used on a certain entity type (Help) Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. List of this constraint violations: Database reports/Constraint violations/P227#allowed entity types

Error reports

Contact:

For Persons, see de:Wikipedia:GND/Fehlermeldung. Hints for other types at User:Jneubert/GND_errors

Ideally this information should be moved to the item for the reference and be transcluded from there.

Reports:

Error type	Item(s) affected	Description/Duplicates	Exception	Reported	Resolved (also unpublished)	Resolved and published	Wikidata updated

This property is being used by: ar:وحدة:Authority control, ar:قالب:ضبط استنادي ca:Mòdul:Authority control de:Vorlage:DNB-Portal, de:Vorlage:CPR, de:Vorlage:CorrespSearch, de:Vorlage:Normdaten mit Wikidata-Wartungskategorien, de:Vorlage:Normdaten-WD, de:Vorlage:WestfAutoren, de:Vorlage:DTAA, de:Vorlage:Normdaten, de:Vorlage:NormdatenTemp en:Module:Authority control, en:Template:Geschichtsquellen Person es:Módulo:Control de autoridades, es:Plantilla:DNB-Portal fr:Module:Autorité it:Template:Controllo di autorità oc:Module:Autoritats, oc:Modèl:Infobox identificacions autoritats pl:Moduł:Kontrola autorytatywna ru:Шаблон:Нормативный контроль, ru:Шаблон:Портал DNB, ru:Шаблон:CPR s:fr:Modèle:Autorité s:ru:Шаблон:Внешние ссылки bar:Vorlog:DNB-Portal, bar:Vorlog:Normdaten be-x-old:Шаблён:Бібліяінфармацыя bs:Šablon:DNB-Portal cs:Šablona:Autoritní data eo:Ŝablono:Bibliotekoj frr:Vorlage:DNB-Portal, frr:Vorlage:DNB-Portal sölring, frr:Vorlage:DNB-Portal öömrang, frr:Vorlage:DNB-Portal fering, frr:Vorlage:DNB-Portal/sö nds:Vörlaag:Normdaten no:Mal:DNB-Portal sk:Šablóna:Autoritné údaje s:sl:Predloga:Avtor d:Template:Authority control/wrapper ja:Template:DNB-Portal, ja:Template:DTAA uk:Шаблон:DNB-Portal ast:Plantía:DNB-Portal mn:Загвар:DNB-Portal gl:Modelo:DNB-Portal wikt:de:Vorlage:DNB-Portal, wikt:de:Vorlage:Normdaten ku:Şablon:DNB-Portal zh-yue:Template:維基數據蘇拉明細 v:de:Vorlage:Normdaten Please notify projects that use this property before big changes (renaming, deletion, merge with another property, etc.)

GND ID - type human should not have GND ID containing - GND ID exists, type is human, GND ID contains - (Help) Violations query: SELECT ?item ?gndid { ?item wdt:P227 ?gndid; wdt:P31 wd:Q5. FILTER(REGEX(STR(?gndid), "-")) } List of this constraint violations: Database reports/Complex constraint violations/P227#GND ID - type human should not have GND ID containing -

GND ID - type human should have sex GND ID exists, type is human, sex missing (Help) Violations query: SELECT ?item ?gndid {?item wdt:P227 ?gndid; wdt:P31 wd:Q5; MINUS {?item wdt:P21 []} } List of this constraint violations: Database reports/Complex constraint violations/P227#GND ID - type human should have sex

GND ID - type human should have VIAF GND ID exists, type is human, VIAF missing (Help) Violations query: SELECT ?item ?gndid {?item wdt:P227 ?gndid; wdt:P31 wd:Q5; MINUS {?item wdt:P214 []} } List of this constraint violations: Database reports/Complex constraint violations/P227#GND ID - type human should have VIAF

GND ID - type human should not be instance of a subclass of human GND ID exists, type is human, is instance of a subclass of human (Help) Violations query: SELECT ?item ?gndid { ?item wdt:P31/wdt:P279+ wd:Q5 . ?item wdt:P31 ?type . ?item wdt:P227 [] } List of this constraint violations: Database reports/Complex constraint violations/P227#GND ID - type human should not be instance of a subclass of human

Discussion

Second half of 2021

@Emu, Kolja21: The second half of 2021 is starting, let's make a new point of the situation for GND and DtBio. I just add here the first points:

• numbers: as of now 1'252'200 items having P227 as main statement and 627'074 items having P7902 as main statement
• backlog of 2020 import: still 1138 items from 2020 import having the same VIAF as another item (https://w.wiki/3VzL)
• backlog of 30/6/2021 import: 4224 items having substantially no data (https://w.wiki/3ZrH), @Bargioni: has accepted enriching them from GND in the next weeks

I am not opposed in principle to new imports, but I think it is better to delay their discussion after cleaning the backlog from 2020 import. If you have any idea about the current situation, problems to be solved and perspectives for the next months, we can discuss them here with the greatest pleasure for us all! Good evening, --Epìdosis 18:49, 30 June 2021 (UTC)

No. 3: Thanks @Bargioni. Importing data from GND will bring us a great step forward. No. 2 is tricky since VIAF clusters are unstable. Same problem with BBLD (Property talk:P2580). The blocked user seems to be the same who has access to Baltisches biografisches Lexikon digital (Q18616550). He is doing mainly copy & paste edits:

• BBLD: https://bbld.de/GND1228837937 with sparse information → (source for) http://d-nb.info/gnd/1228837937 (created March 2021 by Baltische Historische Kommission e.V. [DE-2813]) → (source for) Q107371295.

The BBLD IDs have changed two or three times (own IDs, tests with ISNI, now mainly GND). We should keep an eye on these items. --Kolja21 (talk) 19:19, 30 June 2021 (UTC)

About the backlog: Items like Ferenc Karacs (Q1104400) [2] and Marko Martinović (Q4282609) [3] are imports from Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich (Q665807). Plus there are thousands Mathematics Genealogy Project ID (P549) imports with information about an university degree. These items have to be further individualized and merged if the person is known in Wikipedia. Those who did their doctorate in Germany usually have a GND. --Kolja21 (talk) 20:00, 30 June 2021 (UTC)

backlog of 30/6/2021 import: The new BBLD imports

• @Bargioni: Enriching from GND will probably only take us so far. Luckily, many items seem to be based on Amburger database ID (P6878) data. We could consider importing the corresponding IDs and some basic data for identification. That would probably be pretty easy with a bot or OpenRefine. Do you want to look into it or should I have a look? --Emu (talk) 21:16, 30 June 2021 (UTC)
  • Looking at it again: The blocked user deleted these identifiers for some reason. --Emu (talk) 21:24, 30 June 2021 (UTC)
    • Unbelievable: I've checked and undid the first edit. I only can guess the reason: Since Baltisches Biographisches Lexikon digital ID (former scheme) (P2580) and Template:BBLD (Q23265105) could not prevail (because of the chaos he created in German Wikipedia and BBLD itself) other sources than "his" BBLD had to be deleted. --Kolja21 (talk) 23:31, 30 June 2021 (UTC)
      • @Kolja21, Emu: Enrichment on the basis of GND (VIAF ID (P214), date of birth (P569), date of death (P570)) running today. Regarding the https://quickstatements.toolforge.org/#/batch/57969, you can check some cases and if all the IDs seem correct I can undo this batch, restoring all the IDs. --Epìdosis 08:59, 1 July 2021 (UTC)

        Quite a lot of their batches should be undo-able via editgroups, in case this is the chosen path here. —MisterSynergy (talk) 10:08, 1 July 2021 (UTC)

        @Epìdosis: Yes, please undo batch/57969. Amburger database is the original source containing more information.[4] --Kolja21 (talk) 15:21, 1 July 2021 (UTC)

         Info Claim to omnipotence: 1. Copy infos from a quotable source like Amburger database (Q64584900) and less reliable sources like GenWiki (Q650669) to Baltisches biografisches Lexikon digital (Q18616550) (BBLD). 2. Create an Baltisches Biographisches Lexikon digital ID (former scheme) (P2580) ID. 3. Create an Integrated Authority File (Q36578) GND ID (with BBLD as only source given). 4. GND will be imported by Deutsche Biographie (Q1202222) (DtBio) with a link to BBLD (example). 5. Create an item on Wikidata. 6. Delete the original source if it is mentioned on WD. - The last step is vandalism, the other steps are questionable because the source is veiled. It would be better to create a GND or an item based on the original source. --Kolja21 (talk) 15:54, 1 July 2021 (UTC)

        Example for BBLD IP activities in German WP: de:Diskussion:Alexander von Bock#BBLD - Baltisches biografisches Lexikon digital. In 2019 he created BBLD IDs like "Bock-Alexander-Friedrich-v.-1829-1895" adding a statement that the IDs might change ("falls sich die BBLD ID ändert ..."). Till today we don't know if GND 1193664241 (I've added the full name, the occupation, the retrieval date and NUKAT as a second source) = Richard Willberg (Q12373908) is a duplicate of GND 117387363. The BBLD user likes to ask questions and assign homework but refuses to respond. - I'm just mentioning that since Wikidata:Properties for deletion#Property:P2580 is still pending and we need to decide how to handle these IDs. --Kolja21 (talk) 16:57, 1 July 2021 (UTC)