Property talk:P427

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taxonomic type
name-bearing genus or species of this nominal family or genus (or subfamily or subgenus)

Description	This is used to indicate the type genus of this family (or subfamily, etc) or the type species of this genus (or subgenus, etc). It is not intended to indicate a type specimen, etc.
Represents	nomenclatural type (Q116538381)
Data type	Item
Domain	taxon (Q16521)
Allowed values	taxon (Q16521) (note: this should be moved to the property statements)
Example	Methanomicrobiales (Q4044130) → Methanomicrobium (Q4044129) Drosophila (Q312154) → Drosophila funebris (Q3715460) Acanthocalycium ferrarii (Q337692) → Rausch 572 (Q19359611) Cactaceae (Q14560) → cactus (Q10856673)
Lists	Items with the most statements of this property Count of items by number of statements (chart) Items with the most statements Items with the fewest statements Count of items by number of sitelinks (chart) Items with the most sitelinks Items with the most sitelinks, but no link to one Wikipedia (sample: Welsh Wikipedia, cywiki) Items with the fewest sitelinks Most linked wikis Items with the most identifier properties By value of property Most statements Fewest statements Most sitelinks Most linked wikis Total of sitelinks on items Most identifiers Fewest identifiers Items with no other statements Most recently created items Items with novalue claims Items with unknown value claims Usage history (total) Usage history (main statement) Chart by item creation date Database reports/Constraint violations/P427 Map Random list
Proposal discussion	Proposal discussion
Current uses	Total 32,729 Main statement 32,704 >99.9% of uses Qualifier 24 <0.1% of uses Reference 1 <0.1% of uses
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[create Create a translatable help page (preferably in English) for this property to be included here]

Value type “taxon (Q16521), type (Q3707858)”: This property should use items as value that contain property “instance of (P31)”. On these, the value for instance of (P31) should be an item that uses subclass of (P279) with value taxon (Q16521), type (Q3707858) (or a subclass thereof). (Help)

List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P427#Value type Q16521, Q3707858, hourly updated report, SPARQL

Type “taxon (Q16521)”: item must contain property “instance of (P31)” with classes “taxon (Q16521)” or their subclasses (defined using subclass of (P279)). (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P427#Type Q16521, SPARQL

Item “taxon name (P225)”: Items with this property should also have “taxon name (P225)”. (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P427#Item P225, search, SPARQL

Item “parent taxon (P171)”: Items with this property should also have “parent taxon (P171)”. (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P427#Item P171, search, SPARQL

Item “taxon rank (P105)”: Items with this property should also have “taxon rank (P105)”. (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P427#Item P105, search, SPARQL

Qualifiers “object has role (P3831)”: this property should be used only with the listed qualifiers. (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P427#allowed qualifiers, SPARQL

Scope is as main value (Q54828448), as qualifier (Q54828449): the property must be used by specified way only (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P427#Scope, SPARQL

Allowed entity types are Wikibase item (Q29934200), Wikibase MediaInfo (Q59712033): the property may only be used on a certain entity type (Help)

Exceptions are possible as rare values may exist. Exceptions can be specified using exception to constraint (P2303).
List of violations of this constraint: Database reports/Constraint violations/P427#Entity types

This property is being used by: jv:Cithakan:Infobox spesies, jv:Cithakan:Infobox species ban:Mal:Spesiesbox, ban:Mal:Infobox spesies, ban:Mal:Automatic taxobox, ban:Mal:Infobox spésiés gor:Templat:Infobox spesies bjn:Citakan:Infobox spesies, bjn:Citakan:Infobox spesies/bakpasir id:Templat:Infobox spesies, id:Templat:Infobox spesies/bakpasir, id:Templat:Infobox spesies/mirror ca:Plantilla:Infotaula d'ésser viu, ca:Plantilla:Infotaula ésser viu ace:Seunaleuëk:Infobox spesies nia:Templat:Infobox species, nia:Templat:Infobox spesies vec:Modeło:Tassobox ga:Teimpléad:WD Bosca Sonraí Ainmhí Bheo min:Templat:Infobox spesies Please notify projects that use this property before big changes (renaming, deletion, merge with another property, etc.)

Remark

Types are nomenclatural in nature rather than taxonomic. A type can be several things: it is safe to say that the type of a name of a species (or subspecies, etc) is usually a type specimen. However, this is a rather general statement which can be misread all too easily.

A statement often encountered is that a type always is a type specimen, and this is not correct. What would be correct is that in zoology a type of a name of a species or subspecies always is a type specimen (if in fact there is a type, and there may not be). This statement is not correct for algae, fungi & plants, or for prokaryotes. It also would not be correct to say that in zoology a type always is a type specimen, as the type of a name of a genus or subgenus is a species (the type species), and the type of a name of a family, subfamily, etc is a genus (the type genus). Etc.

P.S. Note that a type does not define a taxon. Defining a taxon is done by a taxonomist, and a particular taxon (with one particular fixed type) may have any number of competing definitions (circumscriptions). The function of a type is to act as an anchor for a taxon: as scientific names are connected to types, types are vital for determining the correct name. - Brya (talk) 05:10, 12 July 2013 (UTC)

Problem?

What about the type for a species, which is a physical specimen held somewhere? How is this accommodated here? (Or do we only envisage types above the species level, but even they are anchored by a paricular physical (in general) specimen... MargaretRDonald (talk) 23:49, 17 September 2018 (UTC)

I posted this question on Wikidata talk:WikiProject Taxonomy. — The Erinaceous One 🦔 07:26, 6 January 2023 (UTC)

Constraints

Hello, some changes I made have been reverted; see the taxonomic type (P427) entry on Mellivora (Q13564654) and Articles 67ff. of International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (Q13011) for how this is/was working. Is there a reason for the reversion? Thank you, Maculosae tegmine lyncis (talk) 21:50, 13 September 2023 (UTC)