Wikidata:Lexicographical data/Documentation/Languages/paq

Parya (Q1135134) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. As the language code paq is not currently available on Wikidata, the code pa-x-Q1135134 may be used in its place as the language is mutually intelligible with Punjabi.

Orthography

For lack of a written standard, Parya lexemes are currently represented following a system based on the spelling conventions of Tajik Persian in the Cyrillic script. It is apparent that Parya has taken on the vowels of Tajik Persian, making it challenging to represent in other writing systems such as Devanagari. The spellings used in a Parya translation of the Old Testament are used (Bible Translation Institute, 1999). Aspirated consonants may be spelled by forming sequences with ҳ, as in тҳ for th (تھ / ਥ / थ). Retroflex consonants may be spelled using the Cyrllic character ь after the letter for a non-retroflex counterpart. For example:

• ть (ṭ / ٹ / ਟ / ट)
• дь (ḍ / ڈ / ਡ / ड)

The statuses of the retroflex nasal (ṇ / ݨ / ਣ / ण) and retroflex flap (ṛ / ڑ / ੜ / ड़) are unclear and they may have lost their phonemic significance for at least some speakers. They are not represented in the Parya Old Testament text.

All the consonant sounds used in Tajik Persian may be retained in Parya except for the glottal stop (ъ / ع).

Nasalised vowels may be represented by the letter variants ӓ, ӥ, ӧ, and ӱ. The letter ё is not used word-finally, and the digraph йа is used in its place where it would be expected in Tajik. The letter ā is used to represent the vowel /ɒ/.

Resources

• Bholanath Tiwari (1970), ताजुज़्बेकी: ऐतिहासिक और तुलनात्मक अध्ययन तथा संक्षिप्त शब्दकोश (in Hindi) (1st ed.), Delhi: National Publishing House, OCLC 977313717, Wikidata Q121769518
• Iosef Mikhailovich Oranski (1977), Фольклор и язык гиссарских парья (Средняя Азия): введение, тексты, словарь (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, OCLC 5983930, Wikidata Q121800214
• Tatiana Oranskaia (1994). "Indo-Aryan words in the secret languages of Central Asia". Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute. 54: 185–195. ISSN 0045-9801. JSTOR 42930470. Wikidata Q123945724.
• Қадимко Аҳд парйа ҷипма (in Parya), Institute for Bible Translation, 1999, Wikidata Q125824662CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
• John M. Clifton (2010). "Stable multilingualism in Tajikstan". Proceedings from the Annual Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society. 46 (2): 11–25. ISSN 1944-0324. Wikidata Q125884171.
• "Language name and location: Parya, Tajikistan, Afghanistan". 2013-12-27. Archived from the original on 2021-01-16.