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维基数据:SPARQL查询服务/维基数据查询帮助/结果视图

< Wikidata:SPARQL query service‎ | Wikidata Query Help
This page is a translated version of the page Wikidata:SPARQL query service/Wikidata Query Help/Result Views and the translation is 36% complete.
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显示按钮

此页面有助于了解可能显示在SPARQL查询服务上的结果。 查询示例页面有很多值得尝试的例子！

运行一笔查询后，可以选择“显示”来选择要显示的结果视图。视图根据查询和数据类型而有所不同。

表格（默认）

将结果显示为一个表格。这是默认的视图，可显示每一种数据类型。

Will map every variable from the SPARQL select clause to a formatted table column.

  •  
    Table Result
  •  
    Table Result on small screens with flipped columns

图片格子

 
Image Grid 试用

Shows the result data as a grid with images.

Every grid item has a big picture and opens the gallery when clicking on it.

Contents an item is the formatted row data.

变量 数据类型 呈现为 描述
* 共享资源媒体文件 单元格 Image columns will create a grid item.

不含图像的行将被忽略。

It’s nonetheless possible to include no image rows in the result by modifying the sparql by including a default image in case the image variable is not bound: 

  optional {
    ?item wdt:P18 ?img_ .
  }
  bind (if(bound(?img_), 
           ?img_, 
           <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/File:Profile_avatar_placeholder_large.png>) as ?image) # [[:commons:File:Profile_avatar_placeholder_large.png]] as a placeholder

Here the file commons:File:Profile avatar placeholder large.png is used as a placeholder, you can use your own

See a complete query example using this technique.

选项

选项名称 类型 描述
hide One or more variable names (strings, starting with ?), single value or array Don’t show these variables in the result.

地图

Shows the result data as map with OpenStreetMap data.

变量 数据类型 呈现为 描述
* 坐标或地理形态 Map Marker Columns will create a marker on the map.

Content of that marker is the formatted row data.

?layer Map Marker Layer Creates a colored map layer that allows filtering.
?rgb 颜色 彩色地图标记 Example 000000 for black color.


Technically, any well-known text literal can be displayed, not just a point coordinate.

Non-point geometry values are never stored on Wikidata, but they can be constructed in SPARQL using functions like CONCAT() and STRDT() – see this map of Czech railway lines for an example of LINESTRING() geometry.

选项

specify using e.g. #defaultView:Map{"hide":["?foo", "?bar"],"layer":"?bar"}, using an array when there are multiple variables.

选项名称 类型 描述
hide One or more variable names (strings, starting with ?), single value or array Don’t show these variables in the result.
layer One or more variable names (strings, starting with ?), single value or array Use these variables for the map layer, instead of the default ?layerLabel, ?layer.
markercluster 布尔值或对象
  • If the value is an object, pass these options to Leaflet.markercluster, a map plugin for clustering nearby map markers. (If the value is the empty object {}, Leaflet.markercluster is enabled with its default options.)
  • If the value is true (default for queries without map layers), Leaflet.markercluster is enabled with a special set of options that doesn’t cluster any nearby map markers (it only “spiderfies” markers with exactly identical coordinates) and attempts to replicate the default map look as much as possible.
  • If the value is false (default for queries with map layers), Leaflet.markercluster is not enabled.

折线图、条形图、散点图和面积图

显示这些图表类型中的一种。

变量 数据类型 呈现为 描述
* 数字

标签

日期时间

X轴

Y轴

First will be X-axis, second Y-axis
* 标签 Category / Legend Item (optional) Will only be used after the above are mapped
* 标签 Storyboard / Animation (optional) Will only be used after the above are mapped


Bubble Chart

 
Bubble Chart
试用

Shows a bubble chart where the size and the color of the bubble can configured.

When an item is provided a bubble is linked to Wikidata.org.

Variable 数据类型 Mapping
* Label Bubble Label
* Number Bubble Size
* Item Bubble Link (optional)
?rgb Color Bubble Color (optional)

Tree Map

 
Tree Map
试用

Shows a zoomable tree map.

Variable 数据类型 Mapping 描述
* Label Label

1st label in a row will be 1st level in tree map.

2nd label will be 2nd level.

3rd label will be 3rd level etc..

* Item Link (optional)
* Quantity Size

樹

显示为一个可展开的树状结构。

 
树 试用
变量 数据类型 呈现为 描述
* 项 节点ID First item will be a root node the following items in the same row will be nested.
* 标签 节点标签（可选） 标签文本将追加在当前节点。
* 数字 节点标签（可选）
* 共享资源媒体文件 项的图像

Timeline

 
Timeline
试用

Shows a explorable timeline.

Variable Data Type Mapping 描述
* DateTime Item Point in Time

Item End Point in Time

First date in a row sets the item position in the timeline.

If a second date is present a start and end date will be set.

* Commons Media Item image

选项

选项名称 类型 描述
hide One or more variable names (strings, starting with ?), single value or array Don’t show these variables in the result.

Dimensions

 
Dimensions
试用

Shows dimension and their links.

It also allows filtering them by selecting an axis fraction.

This type of graph is also known as parallel coordinates.

Variable 数据类型 Mapping 描述
* Label Dimension Every column in the result row is mapped to a dimension
* Number
* DateTime


Graph

Graph browsing Abraham Lincoln
试用

Shows an interactive graph that allow hierarchically ordering and exploring items.

Variable 数据类型 Mapping 描述
* Item Node ID First item in a row of output variables will have an arrow pointing to the items in the same row.
* Label Node Label (optional)
* Commons Media Node Image (optional)
?rgb Color Node Color (optional) Color of the item just before the rgb variable. Example 000000 for black color.
* Number Node Size (optional)
?edgeLabel Label Edge Label (optional)
 
Graph
试用


Additional Information

RDF Data Type Mapping

RDF Type RDF 数据类型 Constraint 数据类型
URI String starts with 
http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q
 Entity
URI String starts with 
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath
 Commons Media
Literal http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime DateTime
Literal http://www.opengis.net/ont/geosparql#wktLiteral Coordinate
Literal http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#float

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#decimal

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#long

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#int

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#short

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonNegativeInteger

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#positiveInteger

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedLong

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedInt

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#unsignedShort

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#nonPositiveInteger

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#negativeInteger

Number
Literal 没有 RDF 数据类型 Label
Literal Has property 
xml:lang
 Label
Literal String matches 
/^[0-9A-F]{6}$/
 Color

Formatting

对以下数据类型有特殊的格式化：

Data Type Format
Entity Link to Wikidata.org

Label is shortened to wd:Qxx

Explore an item (magnify icon)

DateTime MM DD, YYYY

Tooltip shows raw ISO timestamp

Commons Media Link to Commons.Wikimedia.org

Displaying Gallery ( image icon )

Mobile / Responsive

Result views are made to work on different devices and resolutions. Their appearance may change depending on the space they can use.

Embed Mode

Result views can be linked or embedded via iframes. You can get the regarding link or code by clicking Link in the above menu.

See the difference: link to a query and link to a result or the embed code: 

<iframe style="width:80vw; height:50vh;" scrolling="yes" frameborder="0" src="http://tinyurl.com/zwf4k2w">

Download results

 
Download results buttons

There are several ways to export the results of a query.

JSON, TSV and CSV are three different open-standard formats to download the data, offered under the Download tab. To get results in XML format, click on Link > SPARQL endpoint.

You can also download some of the graphic views as a SVG file: this feature works with all the views except table, image grid, timeline, graph builder, map, and graph.

Default View

The default view can be change for each SPARQL query by using a comment: 

#defaultView:[NAME]

For example: 

#defaultView:ImageGrid

Result view options

Result views can be configured with various options, which are specified in JSON (Q2063) format, either following the defaultView comment (see previous section) or following a separate view comment. 

#defaultView:Map{"layer": "?typeLabel"}
#view:ImageGrid{"hide": "?coords"}

Title

Result views can show a title. The title can be set via a title comment. 

#title:A title of your choice

Auto language

When using the magic keyword [AUTO_LANGUAGE] it is replaced by the users language when submitting the query. This allows writing a query with where the result is displayed in the users language.

Example: 

#<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Use language of the user for display labels and fallback to english as default</span>
SERVICE wikibase:label {
    bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "[AUTO_LANGUAGE],en" .
}


Auto coordinates

When using the magic keyword [AUTO_COORDINATES] it is replaced by the users location when submitting the query. This allows writing a query with the users' location.

Example: 

  SERVICE wikibase:around {
    ?place wdt:P625 ?coordinate_location.
    bd:serviceParam wikibase:center "[AUTO_COORDINATES]".
    bd:serviceParam wikibase:radius "1".
    bd:serviceParam wikibase:distance ?dist.
  }
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