Lusito:Mayelana nemininingwane
Wikidata,yi,knowledge base,yamahhala lengafundvwa futsi ihlelwe bantfu kanye nemishini Kungulenye nje yemaphrojekthi lamanyenti lasekelwe ku-wiki lasingatwa futsi agcinwa yi Wikimedia Foundation inhlangano lengasebenti inzuzo lecuketfwe mahhala mhlawumbe leyatiwa kakhulu nge Wikipedia Ngayinye yemaphrojekthi eSisekelo Se Wikimedia inekugcila kwayo sibonelo i Wikipedia ngeyekucuketfwe kwe encyclopedia i Wikimedia Commons isekela titfombe kanye nalamanye emafayela etindzaba futsi i Wiktionary iniketa lwati lwesilulumagama mayelana nemagama lafana netincazelo kanye nemagama lafanako Umgomo we-Wikidata ngu structured data.
Lelikhasi lihloselwe njengekubuka konkhe kwemininingwane lehlelekile Uma vele sewuyati idatha lehlelekile kepha ufuna kufundza kabanti ngekusetjentiswa kwayo lokutsite ku Wikidata kutsi ungayifinyelela njani idatha ku Wikidata noma kutsi ungayifaka njani idatha yephrojekthi yakho ku Wikidata sicela ugcume phambili ku,section about linking data.
Kuvisisa i Wikidata
Idatha lehlelekile ibhekisela kudatha lehleliwe futsi igcinwe ngendlela lechaziwe imvamisa ngenhloso yekufaka inchazelo kanye nekugcina budlelwane emkhatsini wemaphuzu edatha lehlukene ngaphakatsi kwe dataset.
Kepha yini idatha noma kunjalo? Futsi kungani kufanele unakekele idatha lehlelekile ikakhulukati?
Kuchaza idatha
Idatha lenkhulu idatha yekuhlola idatha levulekile imethadatha kungenteka kutsi uke wahlangabetana nalamanye noma ngisho nawo onkhe lamagama ngaphambili.
Ligama ngalinye lisho lokutsite lokwehluke kancane kepha konkhe kwakhiwe ekuvisisekeni lokufanako kwedatha kanye nemandla ayo ekuchaza nekutfutfukisa kuvisisa kwetfu umhlaba lositungeletile.
Njengemcondvo longabonakali idatha ingacatjangwa njengekucala kwelwati lokusho kutsi lwati lungaphetfwa noma lutsatfwe kudatha.
This is because data when boiled down to its essence is simply a set of values about things. These values can be numeric or quantitative like a measurement or an amount. They can also be qualitative, like a description or a comparison. For example, we can say that "8,848 m (29,029 ft)" is a data value about the height of Mount Everest and that "red" is a data value about the color of a car.
Loku kungenca yekutsi idatha uma ibiliswa phansi ibe ngumcondvo wayo imane nje iyisethi yemagugu mayelana netintfo. Lamanani angaba ngetinombolo noma ngesilinganiso njengesilinganiso noma inani Tingaphindze tibe nelizinga njengenchazelo nobe kucatsanisa Sibonelo singasho kutsi "8,848 m (29,029 ft)" linani lemininingwane mayelana nekuphakama kweNtsaba i Everest futsi "bovu" linani lemininingwane mayelana nembala wemoto.
Iphi idatha?
Idatha ikhona yonkhe indzawo lesitungeletile Kunetinhlobo letinyenti temitfombo yemininingwane kufaka ekhatsi imininingwane yetimali yetintfo letiphilako kanye neyetenhlalakahle Ngisho nalelikhasi linedatha! Sibonelo saloko kutsi inemagama laphelele tinsuku leyakhiwa ngato futsi yagcina kubuyeketwa ngato sihloko nesihloko linani lebantfu lababuke emakhasi kanye netilwimi lokucuketfwe kutfolakala ngato.
Kepha ngesikhatsi konkhe kungaba ngumtfombo wemininingwane imininingwane lengabhalwa futsi ihleleke ingahle ingabi khona nhlobo Ngaphandle kwesakhiwo lesiyinhloko idatha ibonakala ingenamsebenti futsi yehluleka kuniketa lwati lolulusito.
Ngekuhleleka sisho kuhlukaniswa ngendlela lejwayelekile nalengacaci Idatha lehlelekile nalehlukaniswe ngetigaba ngiyo lesibhekisa kuyo uma sitsi idatha lehlelekile.
Kuphi sakhiwo?
Kuwebhu sakhiwo siyabusa Emawebhusayithi lamanyenti adalwa asebentisa i HTML lulwimi lwekumaka loluniketa sikhafula lesisekelo nobe sakhiwo selikhasi lewebhu.
Tilwimi tekumaka tiphindze tisetjentiselwe kufaka emathegi kanye nekuchaza lokucuketfwe likhasi kute tinjini tekuphenya emabhothi kanye netinhlelo tekusebenta letifana ne RSS feeds tikhone kucubungula kalula futsi "tikuvisise". Sibonelo emathegi e <title> atjela imishini kutsi ligama leliwebhusayithi liyini.
Esikhundleni sekusekela sakhiwo kanye netintfo letivamile telikhasi lewebhu iWikidata iniketa sakhiwo salo lonkhe lwati lolugcinwe kuWikipedia kanye nakulamanye emaphrojekthi eWikimedia I Wikidata isekelwe ku-software ye-Mediawiki njenganoma nguyiphi lenye iphrojekthi ye-Wikimedia lekhuliswe yi $mw wikibase le software lenika i-Wikidata emandla futsi yentelwe kulawula imininingwane leminyenti lehlelekile Sakhiwo asifakwa ngalokucondzile kuloko lokucuketfwe yi Wikipedia noma kulamanye emakhasi esayithi e Wikimedia njengasemathebuleni noma eluhlwini futsi kute lwati lwetilwimi tekumaka ema-schemas emininingwane kubhalwa kwetintfo noma letinye tindlela tekubhala letikhetsekile letidzingwa basebentisi be Wikidata esikhundleni saloko idatha yengetwa futsi ihlelelwe ku Wikidata ngekusebentisa emafomu ekufaka lasebenta kahle.
Yonkhe idatha legcinwe ku-Wikidata ingasetjentiswa kukhicita tonkhe tinhlobo tetinhlu letizenzakalelako naletisemkhatsini nobe emathebula nobe lamanye emakhasi lahlelekile kunobe nguyiphi indzawo ye Wikimedia nobe kulenye indzawo.
| Idatha yetintsaba | ||
|---|---|---|
| Intsaba | Imphahla | Linani |
| Mount Everest | height | 8,848 m |
| K2 | hauteur | 8,611 m |
| Kanchenjunga | height | 8,586 m |
| Lhotse | height | 27940 ft |
Kuhlela idatha
Kute sibone ngekubaluleka kwesakhiwo asibuke Lithebula 1 Kulelithebula singabona idatha yetintsaba letine letiphakeme kakhulu eMhlabeni Nangabe singatsandza kwati lwati lolutsite njengekuphakama kwentsaba yesibili lephakeme emhlabeni kufanele sikhone kubuka idatha leniketiwe bese sitfola linani lelifanele Nomakunjalo tintsatfu kuphela kuletintsaba letine letinemininingwane yato lehlukaniswe njengelinani lekuphakama futsi letimbili kuphela kuleto tintsaba letintsatfu letinemanani ngemamitha Ngesikhatsi sati kutsi budze ne hauteur (siFulentshi kusho budze) kungacondzakala njengalokulinganako nekutsi ungagucula njani emamitha abe tinyawo noma vice versa umshini njenge bot noma luhlelo lwekhompyutha kungenteka lungacondzakali.
Bekutawuba melula kakhulu kubantfu kanye nemishini kutsi bacubungule lwati futsi baphendvule umbuto wekucala mayelana nentsaba yesibili lephakeme kakhulu nangabe yonkhe idatha lesembili ibhalwa ngendlela lefanako ngisho nobe kwetfulwa kwehlukile.
Idatha yekumodela
Emaqoqo emininingwane lehlelekile njenge Wikidata ahlelwa ngekuya kwe imodeli yemininingwane. Emamodeli emininingo ayafundzeka ngemshini lokusho kutsi angavisiseka ngekhompyutha Nanobe emakhompyutha anemandla ngalokuvamile akahlakaniphi njengatsi nakukhulunywa ngekucabanga lokulula Sibonelo saloko kutsi kulesibonelo lesingenhla umshini bewungeke ukhone kwati kutsi budze ne hauteur kuyafana ngaphandle nangabe utjelwe ngalokucacile ngandlela tsite kutsi kunjalo.
-
intfo: Umhlaba -
imphahla: liphuzu leliphakeme kakhulu -
inani: I-Everest
| Idatha yetintsaba | ||
|---|---|---|
| Intsaba | Imphahla | Linani |
| Mount Everest | continent | Asia |
| K2 | continent | Asia |
| Kanchenjunga | continent | Asia |
| Lhotse | continent | Asia |
Emamodeli emininingwane ahlukahluka ngekuya ngetidzingo tekuhlatiya bubanti kanye neluhlaka lwemcondvo lwe-dataset kanye netidzingo tebuchwepheshe teluhlelo Kepha onkhe emamodeli emininingwane ngekwemtsetfo atawucacisa kutsi nguluphi luhlobe lwemininingwane lungasekelwa luhlelo nekutsi ngubuphi budlelwane emkhatsini wemanani lobungavisiseka futsi bumelwe Sibonelo imodeli yedatha ingacacisa kutsi budze na hauteur kumephuwe kulomunye nalomunye kwentela kutsi womabili lamagama amelele umcondvo munye noma kutsi tilinganiso ngetinyawo tiguculwe ngekuzenzakalela tibe ngemamitha. Imodeli yedatha yeWikidata ibumba indlela leyo idatha ingahlelwa ngayo futsi yengetwe eluhlelweni ngebasebentisi Kuphindze kube ngumsebenti lochubekako, ngetinhlobo letinsha tedatha letingetwa kule modeli ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi.
Imodeli yedatha iphindze futsi ihumushe ngalokuyinhloko emaphethini elulwimi lwemvelo lwebantfu abe yintfo lengacutshungulwa yimishini Sibonelo saloko kutsi ngesiNgisi singatsi:
- "Intsaba i-Everest yintsaba lephakeme kakhulu emhlabeni".
Loku kubuye kube yindlela leluhlata, lengakahleleki yekucuketfwe lokukhona nyalo ku-Wikipedia kanye nawo onkhe lamanye emasayithi e Wikimedia.
Ku Wikidata loku bekutawumelelwa yi,statement, lesifaka umbhangqwana wemphahla-yenani mayelana nentfo kulesimo Umhlaba:
Earth (Q2) (intfo) → highest point (P610) (imphahla) → Mount Everest (Q513) (linani).
Ngetulu kwaloko iWikidata beyitawuphindze ibambe sitatimende mayelana nentfo yeNtsaba i Everest(lekhombisa kutsi yintsaba):
Mount Everest (Q513) (intfo) → instance of (P31) (imphahla) → mountain (Q8502) (linani).
Caphela kutsi ngoba letinye tintfo tingasetjentiswa njengemanani etitatimende futsi tonkhe,items tinelikhasi lato lelikhetsekile ku Wikidata loku kusho kutsi tonkhe tintfo letiseluhlelo tingahlanganiswa ndzawonye ngeluhlelo lwetitatimende Ngenca yekutsi i-Wikidata isebentisa indlela lefundzeka ngemshini lokuhlanganiswa kwemininingwane kuvumela budlelwane lobusha kanye nekuhlanganiswa kutsi kutfolakale futsi kusetjentwe yimishini Sibonelo ku Lithebula 2 sibona idatha lensha yetintsaba tetfu ngalesikhatsi mayelana nendzawo yato ngekwelivekati kepha kute lutfo ngekuphakama kwato Kutsatsa kutsi lemininingwane yelivekati ihlangene nemininingwane yekuphakama kwetintsaba singativa sinelitsemba lelikhulu kwenta kucagela noma kudvweba tiphetfo letitsite ngayo njengekutsi sitsi i Asia ilikhaya letintsaba letiphakeme emhlabeni.
Kuhlanganisa idatha
Ngaphandle kwekuba ingcungcutsela yedatha lehlelekile iWikidata iphindze isekele idatha lehlanganisiweIdatha lehlanganisiwe ibhekisela emkhubeni wekushicilela idatha lehlelekile kute ikhone kuhlanganiswa.
Ku-Wikidata loku kusho kutsi idatha lenikelwe ngemavolontiya ingaphindze ihlanganiswe nalamanye ema-datasets emadatabase kanye nemitfombo yedatha levela kuyo yonkhe indzawo yewebhu kanye nasetinhlelweni letehlukahlukene letingaphandle kwemndeni we-Wikimedia Sibonelo i-Wikidata njengamanje ivumela kuhlanganiswa nemasethi emininingwane kanye nema database lahlukahlukene njenge Google Books, Canmore,(yinye yema-database eMvelo Yemlandvo waseScotland),Vatican Library,OmegaWiki,kanye MusicBrainz.
Ngekulandzela timiso tedatha lehlanganisiwe kanye nemikhuba i Wikidata iphindze ikhone kusekela futsi isetjentiswe ngulamanye emaphrojekthi.
Timiso tedatha letihlanganisiwe
I-Wikidata isebentisa timphawu letihlukile noma,uniform resource identifiers (URIs), kuto tonkhe tintfo tayo as per linked data standards.
Ngesikhatsi iWikidata isebentisa imodeli yedatha lehlukile lokucuketfwe kwayo kungatfunyelwa ngaphandle ku RDF,indlela lesetjentiswa kakhulu futsi lejwayelekile yedatha lehlanganisiwe Ngemigomo yeWikidata sitatimende sakhiwe yintfo kanye nembhangqwana wemphahla-yenani Kulabo labajwayele imicondvo yedatha lehlanganisiwe intfo ingatsatfwa njengencenye yesihloko se triplet lemphahla imelela sisho se-triplet futsi linani lisetjentiselwa kuveta intfo ye-triplet
Kepha, titatimende te Wikidata tingaphindze tibe netintfo letingetulu kwesihloko-sisho-intfo njengetikhombo kanye netifanele (kute utfole lwati lolubanti bona Help:Statements),Loku kwenta kube lukhuni kumelela ngalokugcwele lokucuketfwe yi-Wikidata usebentisa lulwimi lwe-RDF lwati lolubanti ngaletinsayeya lungatholakala kudokhumenti letsi "Introducing Wikidata to the Linked Data Web".
Kunikela ngemininingwane
Uma unema-datasets longatsandza kufaka sandla ku Wikidata sicela ubuke Wikidata:Data donation.
Kufinyelela idatha
Idatha leku Wikidata ishicilelwa ngaphansi kwe,Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication 1.0,kuvumela kusetjentiswa kabusha kwamahhala kwedatha Ungakopa ugucule usabalalise futsi wente idatha ngisho nangenjongo yekutsengisa konkhe ngaphandle kwekucela imvume.
Bona,Data access,kute utfole imininingwane mayelana netindlela letehlukene tekufinyelela ngeluhlelo lwemininingwane ye-Wikidata.
Bona futsi
Kute utfole emakhasi lahlobene bona:
Kute utfole lwati lolwengetiwe nesicondziso bona:
- Project chat, for discussing all and any aspects of Wikidata
- Wikidata:Glossary, the glossary of terms used in this and other Help pages
- Help:FAQ, frequently asked questions asked and answered by the Wikidata community
- Help:Contents, the Help portal featuring all the documentation available for Wikidata