(Q24610390)

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

18 January 2020

title

Smoking is associated with worse mood on stressful days: results from a national diary study (English)

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

18 January 2020

1

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

18 January 2020

author name string

David M Almeida

2

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

18 January 2020

Robert S Stawski

3

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

18 January 2020

Laura Cousino Klein

4

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

18 January 2020

Lynn T Kozlowski

5

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

18 January 2020

language of work or name

English

0 references

publication date

6 December 2008

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

Annals of Behavioral Medicine

18 January 2020

published in

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

18 January 2020

volume

36

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

18 January 2020

issue

3

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

18 January 2020

page(s)

259-269

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

Does cigarette smoking cause stress?

18 January 2020

cites work

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Nesbitt's Paradox resolved? Stress and arousal modulation during cigarette smoking

7 April 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

The self-medication hypothesis of substance use disorders: a reconsideration and recent applications

7 April 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States. Results from the National Comorbidity Survey

7 April 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

The effects of psychosocial work organization on patterns of cigarette smoking among male chemical plant employees

7 April 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales

7 April 2017

2 references

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

7 April 2017

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

7 January 2021

Reported exposure and emotional reactivity to daily stressors: the roles of adult age and global perceived stress

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Tobacco use among adults--United States, 2005.

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Daily stressors and memory failures in a naturalistic setting: findings from the VA Normative Aging Study.

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Nicotine psychobiology: how chronic-dose prospective studies can illuminate some of the theoretical issues from acute-dose research

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Smoking, stress, and negative affect: correlation, causation, and context across stages of smoking

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Any further progress in smoking cessation treatment?

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

No effect of cigarette smoking on attention or mood in non-deprived smokers.

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

The effects of nicotine on neural pathways implicated in depression: a factor in nicotine addiction?

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Smoking cessation leads to reduced stress, but why?

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Assessing smoking patterns and motives

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Stress modulation over the day in cigarette smokers

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Relapse following smoking cessation: a situational analysis

27 September 2017

2 references

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

27 September 2017

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

7 January 2021

The effects of smoking and cigarette nicotine content on smokers' preparation and performance of a psychosocially stressful task

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Appraisal, coping, health status, and psychological symptoms

27 September 2017

2 references

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

27 September 2017

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

7 January 2021

The development and initial validation of a questionnaire on smoking urges

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Effects of daily stress on negative mood

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Heightened stress and depression follow cigarette smoking

27 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Smoking and attention: a review and reformulation of the stimulus-filter hypothesis

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Attentional mediation of cigarette smoking's effect on anxiety.

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Individual differences in stress and arousal during cigarette smoking.

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Cigarette smoking during anxiety-provoking and monotonous tasks

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Smoking, physiological arousal, and emotional response

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

The psychology of stress and coping

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Stress-processes and depressive symptomatology.

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Do job conditions influence the use of drugs?

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Anxiolytic effects of smoking associated with four stressors

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Cortisol response to a psychological stressor and/or nicotine

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Exposure to smoking-relevant cues: Effects on desire to smoke and topographical components of smoking behavior

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Increased desire to smoke during acute stress

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Effects of nicotine on subjective arousal may be dependent on baseline subjective state

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Living with chronic health conditions: age differences in affective well-being

30 May 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

Age differences in reactivity to daily stressors: the role of personal control.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

Genetic and environmental effects on daily life stressors: more evidence for greater variation in later life.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

The early time course of smoking withdrawal effects.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

The relationship of hostility, negative affect and ethnicity to cardiovascular responses: an ambulatory study in Singapore.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Socioeconomic status and health: a micro-level analysis of exposure and vulnerability to daily stressors

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Negative affect and smoking lapses: a prospective analysis.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

The effect of daily stress, personality, and age on daily negative affect.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Daily processes in stress and smoking: effects of negative events, nicotine dependence, and gender.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

A personality scale of manifest anxiety.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Cigarette smoking-attributable morbidity---United States, 2000.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Immediate antecedents of cigarette smoking: an analysis from ecological momentary assessment

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

The temporal relationship between emotional distress and cigarette smoking during adolescence and young adulthood

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Smoking and moods in adolescents with depressive and aggressive dispositions: evidence from surveys and electronic diaries

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Cigarette smoking does cause stress.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

A smoke cloud of confusion.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Does smoking amortize negative affect?

28 November 2018

2 references

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

28 November 2018

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

7 January 2021

Smoking and stress: correlation, causation, and context.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Smoking, anxiety, and attention: support for the role of nicotine in attentionally mediated anxiolysis.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Cortisol fluctuates with increases and decreases in negative affect.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

The effect of age on positive and negative affect: A developmental perspective on happiness

28 November 2018

2 references

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

28 November 2018

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

7 January 2021

Everyday stressors and gender differences in daily distress.

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Drug-activation of brain reward pathways

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Cigarette smoking predicts development of depressive symptoms among U.S. adolescents

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Nicotine-containing versus de-nicotinized cigarettes: effects on craving and withdrawal.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Is smoking associated with depression and anxiety in teenagers?

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Short-term effects of occupational stressors on daily mood and health complaints

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Cigarette smoking: effects upon self-rated stress and arousal over the day.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Negative affect, gender, and expressive style predict elevated ambulatory blood pressure in adolescents.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

The experience of affect as a determinant of smoking behavior: a series of validity studies.

28 November 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=2873683

Occupational stress and health among men and women in the Tecumseh Community Health Study

28 November 2018

1 reference

12 December 2020

1 reference

12 December 2020

The daily inventory of stressful events: an interview-based approach for measuring daily stressors

1 reference

12 December 2020

Do daily stress processes account for socioeconomic health disparities?

1 reference

12 December 2020

Smoking and Aging Clinical Implications Part I: Health and Consequence

1 reference

12 December 2020

Smoking Behaviour and its Relation to the Smoker's Immediate Experience

1 reference

12 December 2020

Puzzles in the study of daily hassles

1 reference

12 December 2020

Does nicotine withdrawal affect smoking cessation? Clinical and theoretical issues

1 reference

12 December 2020

Predictors of outcome and recidivism in smoking cessation treatment

1 reference

12 December 2020

Stress, depressive symptoms, and smoking cessation among pregnant women

1 reference

12 December 2020

Stress, social support and health-related behavior: A study of smoking, alcohol consumption and physical exercise

1 reference

12 December 2020

The ebb and flow of marital lust: a relational approach

1 reference

12 December 2020

The Effects of a Psychological Stressor on Cigarette Smoking and Subsequent Behavioral and Physiological Responses

1 reference

12 December 2020

Occupational stress and variation in cigarette, coffee, and alcohol consumption

1 reference

12 December 2020

Stress and unaided smoking cessation: a prospective investigation

1 reference

12 December 2020

1 reference

12 December 2020

First lapses to smoking: within-subjects analysis of real-time reports

1 reference

12 December 2020

Negative affect and hormone levels in young adolescents: Concurrent and predictive perspectives

1 reference

12 December 2020

Impact of chronic and acute stressors on daily reports of mood

1 reference

12 December 2020

Selective cardiovascular effects of stress and cigarette smoking

1 reference

12 December 2020

Smoking withdrawal symptoms in two weeks of abstinence

1 reference

12 December 2020

Chronic stressors and daily hassles: unique and interactive relationships with psychological distress

1 reference

12 December 2020

Close relationships and adjustments to a life crisis: The case of breast cancer.

2 references

12 December 2020

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

7 January 2021

The cardiovascular effects of nicotine during stress

1 reference

12 December 2020

Smoking topography and nicotine blood levels

1 reference

12 December 2020

Desire to smoke during spaced smoking intervals

1 reference

12 December 2020

Coping as a mediator of emotion

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

7 January 2021

Examination stress and changes in mood and health related behaviours

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

7 January 2021

Smoking, coping and health behavior among university students

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

7 January 2021

Resilience and Vulnerability to Daily Stressors Assessed via Diary Methods

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

7 January 2021

The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1007%2FS12160-008-9068-1

7 January 2021

10.1007/S12160-008-9068-1

Identifiers

DOI

2 references

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

18 January 2020

1 reference

2 references

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=EXT_ID:19067100%20AND%20SRC:MED&resulttype=core&format=json

18 January 2020

PubMed publication ID

19067100

2 references