(Q37406404)

20 August 2017

2 references

25 October 2022

Infection, immunity and the neuroendocrine response (English)

1 reference

20 August 2017

Paolo Borghetti

1

1 reference

20 August 2017

Roberta Saleri

2

1 reference

20 August 2017

Eugenio Mocchegiani

3

1 reference

20 August 2017

Attilio Corradi

4

1 reference

20 August 2017

Paolo Martelli

5

1 reference

20 August 2017

language of work or name

1 reference

4 February 2009

1 reference

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

20 August 2017

15 August 2009

1 reference

25 October 2022

2 references

20 August 2017

25 October 2022

130

1 reference

20 August 2017

issue

3-4

1 reference

20 August 2017

page(s)

141-162

1 reference

Dexamethasone promotes type 2 cytokine production primarily through inhibition of type 1 cytokines

20 August 2017

cites work

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Induction of proinflammatory cytokines and caspase-1 by leptin in monocyte/macrophages from holstein cows

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The regulation of IGF-1 by leptin in the pig is tissue specific and independent of changes in growth hormone

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cytokines, stress, and depressive illness

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Adipokines: the missing link between insulin resistance and obesity.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Insulin-like growth factor-1 improves survival in sepsis via enhanced hepatic bacterial clearance

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Anti-inflammatory response is associated with mortality and severity of infection in sepsis.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and viral infection.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Acute phase responses of pigs challenged orally with Salmonella typhimurium.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Passage of cytokines across the blood-brain barrier

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Stimulation by interleukin-6 and inhibition by tumor necrosis factor of cortisol release from bovine adrenal zona fasciculata cells through their receptors

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide shifts fasted plasma ghrelin to postprandial levels in rats

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Changes in the IGF-IGFBP axis in critical illness

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Rapid release of multiple hormones from rat pituitaries perifused with recombinant interleukin-1.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Neuroimmunoregulation and natural immunity.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

MIF is a pituitary-derived cytokine that potentiates lethal endotoxaemia

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The role of leptin in innate and adaptive immune responses

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Constitutive expression of p55TNFR mRNA and mitogen-specific up-regulation of TNF alpha and p75TNFR mRNA in mouse brain.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Opposing effects of adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 on energy metabolism.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Differential effects of stress-induced adrenal function on components of the herpes simplex virus-specific memory cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Peripheral T lymphocyte changes in neonatal piglets: Relationship with growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL) and cortisol changes.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Dissociation of ACTH and glucocorticoids.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The immuno-endocrine component in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Leptin induces oxidative stress in human endothelial cells.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin-1 immunoreactive innervation of the human hypothalamus.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Distribution and characterization of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-like immunoreactivity in the murine central nervous system

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

IGF-I/IGFBPs system response to endotoxin challenge in sheep

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Endotoxin injection increases growth hormone and somatostatin secretion in sheep

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Coinfection of pigs with porcine respiratory coronavirus and Bordetella bronchiseptica.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Immune-enhancing effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone delivered by plasmid injection and electroporation.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Alterations of growth hormone, cortisol, luteinizing hormone, and insulin concentrations in early-postnatal calves affected with diarrhea

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Insulin-like growth factor-I and the cytokines IL-3 and IL-4 promote survival of progenitor myeloid cells by different mechanisms

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Relative adrenal insufficiency in dogs with sepsis

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Stress system activity, innate and T helper cytokines, and susceptibility to immune-related diseases

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Leptin Regulates Functional Capacities of Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Chemokines and chemokine receptors in the brain: implication in neuroendocrine regulation

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin-15 antagonizes muscle protein waste in tumour-bearing rats

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Bidirectional communication: growth and immunity in domestic livestock

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Plasma levels of ACTH and cortisol in normal and critically-ill neonatal foals

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Toll-like receptor 4 on nonhematopoietic cells sustains CNS inflammation during endotoxemia, independent of systemic cytokines.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The role of cytokines in the catabolic consequences of infection and injury

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Endocrinology of the stress response.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and immune-mediated inflammation

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The somatogenic hormones and insulin-like growth factor-1: stimulators of lymphopoiesis and immune function

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Effect of endotoxin on pituitary hormone secretion in sheep

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The inhibitory effects of interleukin-1 on growth hormone action during catabolic illness

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Parameters for evaluating the cell-mediated immune response during viral infection: diagnostic and prognostic applications.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cytokines and the immune-neuroendocrine network: What did we learn from infection and autoimmunity?

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis during Trypanosoma cruzi acute infection in mice

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediation of endotoxin action on growth hormone.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Regulation of the growth hormone and luteinizing hormone response to endotoxin in sheep.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cytokine-induced sickness behaviour: a neuroimmune response to activation of innate immunity.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Environmental modulation of the immune system via the endocrine system.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Long-term effects of social stress on antiviral immunity in pigs

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

A key role of leptin in the control of regulatory T cell proliferation

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Effects of fighting after grouping on plasma cortisol concentration and lymphocyte blastogenesis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells induced by mitogens in piglets

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Hydrogen peroxide modulation of the superoxide anion production by stimulated neutrophils

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Pathogen-induced private conversations between natural killer and dendritic cells.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The energetics of immunity: a neuroendocrine link between energy balance and immune function

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The effects of IL-6 on CD4 T cell responses

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cloning and expression of porcine adiponectin and adiponectin receptor 1 and 2 genes in pigs

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Mechanisms of stress-induced modulation of viral pathogenesis and immunity

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The Roles of Prolactin, Growth Hormone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I, and Thyroid Hormones in Lymphocyte Development and Function: Insights from Genetic Models of Hormone and Hormone Receptor Deficiency

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Neurohormonal-cytokine interactions: implications for inflammation, common human diseases and well-being

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Stress Hormones, Th1/Th2 patterns, Pro/Anti-inflammatory Cytokines and Susceptibility to Disease.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Influence of parasitism on plasma concentrations of growth hormone, somatomedin-C and somatomedin-binding proteins in calves

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha affects growth hormone secretion by a direct pituitary interaction

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Changes in somatotropic axis response and body composition during growth hormone administration in progressive cachectic parasitism

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Association between high levels of blood macrophage migration inhibitory factor, inappropriate adrenal response, and early death in patients with severe sepsis.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Neural immune pathways and their connection to inflammatory diseases

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Leptin regulation of the immune response and the immunodeficiency of malnutrition

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Regulation of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding proteins by tumor necrosis factor

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Modulation of inflammation-induced changes in insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding protein-1 by anti-TNF antibody

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Adipose tissue, adipokines, and inflammation

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Chronic subclinical inflammation as part of the insulin resistance syndrome: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS).

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin-15 is able to suppress the increased DNA fragmentation associated with muscle wasting in tumour-bearing rats

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cytokines as markers for infections and their effect on growth performance and well-being in the pig

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Effects of feeding Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium or serovar Choleraesuis on growth performance and circulating insulin-like growth factor-I, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1beta in weaned pigs.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Proteolytic cleavage product of 30-kDa adipocyte complement-related protein increases fatty acid oxidation in muscle and causes weight loss in mice

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin-6 and chronic inflammation

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Integrating the immune system with the regulation of growth and efficiency

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

In vivo effects of growth hormone on thymus function in aging mice

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Acute phase reaction and acute phase proteins

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Influence of dietary zinc and copper on digestive enzyme activity and intestinal morphology in weaned pigs1

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone (GH) in immunity and inflammation

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Receptor regulation in neuroendocrine-immune communication: current knowledge and future perspectives

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Glucocorticoids in T cell apoptosis and function.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Leptin selectively augments thymopoiesis in leptin deficiency and lipopolysaccharide-induced thymic atrophy

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Behavioral, endocrine, immune, and performance measures for pigs exposed to acute stress.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The interface between innate and adaptive immunity

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Acute adrenocortical stimulation by recombinant gamma interferon in human controls.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Leptin protects mice from starvation-induced lymphoid atrophy and increases thymic cellularity in ob/ob mice

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Evidence for the production and action of interleukin-10 in pituitary cells

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Blood arginine vasopressin, adrenocorticotropin hormone, and cortisol concentrations at admission in septic and critically ill foals and their association with survival

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Inflammatory markers in relation to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cloning and expression of porcine adiponectin, and its relationship to adiposity, lipogenesis and the acute phase response

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Changes in circulating insulin-like growth factor-I, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, and leptin in weaned pigs infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Neuroendocrine and immune responses to acute endotoxemia in suckling and weaned piglets

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and their regulatory dynamics

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Protein hormones and immunity

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Toll-like receptors in central nervous system glial inflammation and homeostasis

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Selective suppression of endothelial cell apoptosis by the high molecular weight form of adiponectin

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cytokines and the brain: implications for clinical psychiatry

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Involvement of leptin signaling in the survival and maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Signals generating anorexia during acute illness

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Adipokines: molecular links between obesity and atheroslcerosis

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Leptin expression is reduced with acute endotoxemia in the pig: correlation with glucose, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin-6 regulates the zinc transporter Zip14 in liver and contributes to the hypozincemia of the acute-phase response

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Leptin actions on food intake and body temperature are mediated by IL-1

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin-6 in aging and chronic disease: a magnificent pathway

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cytokines for psychologists: implications of bidirectional immune-to-brain communication for understanding behavior, mood, and cognition

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Leptin augments alveolar macrophage leukotriene synthesis by increasing phospholipase activity and enhancing group IVC iPLA2 (cPLA2gamma) protein expression

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Leptin-deficient mice exhibit impaired host defense in Gram-negative pneumonia

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The effects of triodothyronine and thymulin on avian NK cytolytic activity

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Patterns of cytokine evolution (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6) after septic shock, hemorrhagic shock, and severe trauma

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin-6: a cytokine and/or a major modulator of the response to somatic stress.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Neuroendocrine-immune interactions in the neonate.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Somatotroph function in the neonatal pig.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Differential effects of corticosteroids during different stages of dendritic cell maturation

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Effects of interleukin-6 -174C/G and metallothionein 1A +647A/C single-nucleotide polymorphisms on zinc-regulated gene expression in ageing.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Induction by cytokines of the pattern of pituitary hormone secretion in infection

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The inflammatory response system of brain: implications for therapy of Alzheimer and other neurodegenerative diseases

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Relationship between thymulin and growth hormone secretion in healthy human neonates

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Persistent elevation of inflammatory cytokines predicts a poor outcome in ARDS. Plasma IL-1 beta and IL-6 levels are consistent and efficient predictors of outcome over time

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Evidence for the direct action of thymulin on avian NK cells

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Inflammatory events at the blood brain barrier: regulation of adhesion molecules, cytokines, and chemokines by reactive nitrogen and oxygen species

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Alterations in carbohydrate metabolism during stress: a review of the literature

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Zinc, metallothioneins, and longevity--effect of zinc supplementation: zincage study.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Zinc, thymic endocrine activity and mitogen responsiveness (PHA) in piglets exposed to maternal aflatoxicosis B1 and G1.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Zinc, T-cell pathways, aging: role of metallothioneins

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Zinc and immunoresistance to infection in aging: new biological tools

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The variations during the circadian cycle of liver CD1d-unrestricted NK1.1+TCR gamma/delta+ cells lead to successful ageing. Role of metallothionein/IL-6/gp130/PARP-1 interplay in very old mice

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Plasticity of neuroendocrine-thymus interactions during ontogeny and ageing: role of zinc and arginine.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

In vivo thymulin treatments enhance avian lung natural killer cell cytotoxicity in response to infectious bronchitis virus

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Inflammatory cytokines in animal health and disease

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Different effects of adiponectin isoforms in human monocytic cells

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Resistance to pseudorabies virus with enhanced interferon production and natural killer cell activity in mice treated with serum thymic factor

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Towards a pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory emerging role of leptin

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cytokine-effects on glucocorticoid receptor function: relevance to glucocorticoid resistance and the pathophysiology and treatment of major depression

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Towards a unified model of neuroendocrine-immune interaction.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Zinc in human health: effect of zinc on immune cells

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Alterations of serum Insulin-like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPS) in swine infected with the protozoan parasite Sarcocystis miescheriana

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Expression of molecular markers in blood of neonatal foals with sepsis

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin-15: a muscle-derived cytokine regulating fat-to-lean body composition

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Plasma interleukin-6 response is predictive for severity and mortality in canine systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Neuroendocrine hormones such as growth hormone and prolactin are integral members of the immunological cytokine network

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Direct stimulatory effect of insulin-like growth factor-I on monocyte and macrophage tumor necrosis factor-alpha production

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin (IL)-6 directs the differentiation of IL-4-producing CD4+ T cells

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

TNF-alpha acts in the hypothalamus inhibiting food intake and increasing the respiratory quotient--effects on leptin and insulin signaling pathways.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cytokines and the nervous system II: Actions and mechanisms of action

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Circulating leptin mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced anorexia and fever in rats

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Serum thymic factor prevents LPS-induced pancreatic cell damage in mice via up-regulation of Bcl-2 expression in pancreas.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

IGF-I, IGFBP-2 and -3 but not GH concentrations are different in normal and poor growing piglets

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin-1 stimulates the secretion of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Endocrine modulation of physiological responses to catabolic disease

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in lethal Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Neuroendocrine control of thymus physiology

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The thymus is a common target organ in infectious diseases

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Neuroendocrine control of T cell development in mammals: role of growth hormone in modulating thymocyte migration

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The thymus is a common target in malnutrition and infection

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

In vivo effects of growth hormone on thymic cells

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cytokines and major depression

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Survival and cellular immune functions in septic mice treated with growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I).

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Maturation of the mitogen responsiveness, and IL2 and IL6 production by neonatal swine leukocytes

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Leukemia inhibitory factor, oncostatin M, IL-6, and stem cell factor mRNA expression in human thymus increases with age and is associated with thymic atrophy

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

A Syndrome produced by Diverse Nocuous Agents

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Zinc and immune function: the biological basis of altered resistance to infection

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Growth hormone enhances natural killer cell activity against glioma

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Characterization of an interleukin-6- and adrenocorticotropin-dependent, immune-to-adrenal pathway during viral infection

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Immune modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis during viral infection

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

An inflammatory review of glucocorticoid actions in the CNS.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

IL-10 as a mediator in the HPA axis and brain

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Effect of zinc source (zinc oxide vs zinc proteinate) and level on performance, carcass characteristics, and immune response of growing and finishing steers

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Micronutrients and immune function in cattle.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Regulation of metabolism and growth during immune challenge: an overview of cytokine function

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Leptin expression in porcine adipose tissue is not increased by endotoxin but is reduced by growth hormone

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Elaborate interactions between the immune and nervous systems

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Neural regulation of innate immunity: a coordinated nonspecific host response to pathogens

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Increased IL-15 production of muscle cells in polymyositis and dermatomyositis

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Increased mortality associated with growth hormone treatment in critically ill adults

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Lung inflammatory responses

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Plasmid-mediated growth hormone-releasing hormone efficacy in reducing disease associated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Impaired natural killer (NK) cell activity in leptin receptor deficient mice: leptin as a critical regulator in NK cell development and activation

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Adipokines: inflammation and the pleiotropic role of white adipose tissue

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Stress presents a problem for dendritic cells: corticosterone and the fate of MHC class I antigen processing and presentation

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Dose effects of recombinant human interleukin-6 on pituitary hormone secretion and energy expenditure.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin-10 regulated gene expression in cells of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis origin

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Effects of prenatal stress on cellular and humoral immune responses in neonatal pigs

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis by cytokines: actions and mechanisms of action

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Unraveling the molecular details involved in the intimate link between the immune and neuroendocrine systems.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Effect of nutritional status and fat reserves on the periparturient immune response to Haemonchus contortus infection in sheep

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Involvement of nitric oxide in the interferon-gamma-induced inhibition of growth hormone and prolactin secretion in anterior pituitary cell cultures.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The role of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factors in the immune system

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Growth hormone secretagogues in critical illness

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Effects of organic forms of zinc on growth performance, tissue zinc distribution, and immune response of weanling pigs

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Correlations between lung proinflammatory cytokine levels, virus replication, and disease after swine influenza virus challenge of vaccination-immune pigs

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response to critical illness

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Dysregulation of the Th1/Th2 cytokine profile is associated with immunosuppression induced by hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation in mice.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Glucocorticoids engage different signal transduction pathways to induce apoptosis in thymocytes and mature T cells

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cytokine-to-brain communication: a review & analysis of alternative mechanisms.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Time course of increased plasma cytokines, cortisol, and urea nitrogen in pigs following intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Leptin alters antibody isotype in the pig in vivo, but does not regulate cytokine expression or stimulate STAT3 signaling in peripheral blood monocytes in vitro

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, glucocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptors in toxic sequelae of exposure to bacterial and viral products

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Neuroendocrine regulation of immunity

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Pattern recognition receptors in companion and farm animals - the key to unlocking the door to animal disease?

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Expression of TOLL-like receptors (TLR) by bovine antigen-presenting cells-potential role in pathogen discrimination?

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibit growth hormone stimulation of insulin-like growth factor I synthesis and growth hormone receptor mRNA levels in cultured rat liver cells

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Corticosteroids prevent generation of CD34+-derived dermal dendritic cells but do not inhibit Langerhans cell development

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Integrated adrenal, somatotropic, and immune responses of growing pigs to treatment with lipopolysaccharide

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Adiponectin differentially regulates cytokines in porcine macrophages

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Mechanisms of mortality in early and late sepsis.

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The central amygdala modulates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to systemic interleukin-1beta administration

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cloning of adiponectin receptors that mediate antidiabetic metabolic effects

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Tumor necrosis factor mediates hepatic growth hormone resistance during sepsis

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cortisol response to ACTH stimulation correlates with blood interleukin 6 concentration in healthy humans

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Cytokine responses in porcine respiratory coronavirus-infected pigs treated with corticosteroids as a model for severe acute respiratory syndrome

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, and cortisol concentrations in sows following intramammary inoculation of Escherichia coli

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Interleukin-18 controls energy homeostasis by suppressing appetite and feed efficiency

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

The cytokine-HPA axis feed-back circuit

7 January 2021

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

7 January 2021

Possible function of IL-6 and TNF as intraadrenal factors in the regulation of adrenal steroid secretion

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

7 January 2021

Prolactin, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-I in the immune system

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

7 January 2021

Immunodeficiency in hypophysectomized rats

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1016%2FJ.VETIMM.2009.01.013

7 January 2021

Dexamethasone induces apoptosis in mouse natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes

1 reference

12 December 2020

Infection of growing swine with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae--effects on growth, serum metabolites, and insulin-like growth factor-I.

1 reference

12 December 2020

Insulin-like growth factor-I supports proliferation of autocrine thymic lymphoma cells with a pre-T cell phenotype

1 reference

12 December 2020

Adiponectin inhibits LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation and IL-6 production and increases PPARgamma2 expression in adipocytes

1 reference

12 December 2020

Plasma leptin responses to lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor alpha in cows

1 reference

12 December 2020

Enhancement of DNA synthetic activity of thymic lymphocytes by the culture supernatant of thymus epithelial cells stimulated by growth hormone

1 reference

12 December 2020

Effects of acute endotoxemia on serum somatotropin and insulin-like growth factor I concentrations in prepubertal gilts.

1 reference

12 December 2020

Role of leptin in immunity

1 reference

12 December 2020

Lymphokine-containing supernatants from con A-stimulated cells increase corticosterone blood levels

1 reference

12 December 2020

Endogenous glucocorticoids protect against cytokine-mediated lethality during viral infection

1 reference

12 December 2020

Alteration of somatotropic function by proinflammatory cytokines

1 reference

12 December 2020

Direct regulation of lipolysis by interleukin-15 in primary pig adipocytes

1 reference

12 December 2020

The thymus and the acute phase response

1 reference

12 December 2020

Interleukin-6 and interleukin-15 are selectively regulated by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma in primary pig adipocytes

1 reference

12 December 2020

Corticosteroids inhibit lymphocyte binding to endothelium and intercellular adhesion: an additional mechanism for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect

1 reference

12 December 2020

Central nervous system recognition of peripheral inflammation: a neural, hormonal collaboration

1 reference

12 December 2020

Plasma adrenocorticotropin, cortisol, and adrenocorticotropin/cortisol ratios in septic and normal-term foals

1 reference

12 December 2020

Studies of the thymus in Chagas' disease: III. Colonization of the thymus and other lymphoid organs of adult and newborn mice by Trypanosoma cruzi

1 reference

12 December 2020

The roles of prolactin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I, and thyroid hormones in lymphocyte development and function: insights from genetic models of hormone and hormone receptor deficiency

1 reference

12 December 2020

Native associations of early hematopoietic stem cells and stromal cells isolated in bone marrow cell aggregates

1 reference

12 December 2020

Effect of growth hormone therapy on the proinflammatory cytokine profile in growth hormone-deficient children

1 reference

12 December 2020

Regulation of skeletal muscle protein turnover during sepsis: mechanisms and mediators

1 reference

12 December 2020

Natural immunity and neuroimmune host defense

1 reference

12 December 2020

Cytokine profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from septic and healthy neonatal foals

1 reference

12 December 2020

IFN-gamma mediates increased glucocorticoid receptor expression in murine macrophages

1 reference

12 December 2020

Serum IgG and IgM responses to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in weaned calves fed milk supplemented with Zn and Cu

1 reference

12 December 2020

Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I stimulate hormonal function and proliferation of thymic epithelial cells

1 reference

12 December 2020

Adrenocortical responses to tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma in cattle

1 reference

12 December 2020

IL-1 receptor antagonist attenuates sepsis-induced alterations in the IGF system and protein synthesis.

1 reference

12 December 2020

Acute endocrine effects of interleukin-12 in cancer patients.

1 reference

12 December 2020

10.1016/J.VETIMM.2009.01.013

Identifiers

DOI

1 reference

20 August 2017

0 references

1 reference