(Q30332969)

18 June 2017

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title

Evolution and diversity of HIV-1 in Africa--a review. (English)

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18 June 2017

3

Caroline T Tiemessen

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18 June 2017

author name string

Maria A Papathanasopoulos

series ordinal

1

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18 June 2017

Gillian M Hunt

series ordinal

2

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18 June 2017

publication date

1 January 2003

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18 June 2017

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18 June 2017

volume

26

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18 June 2017

issue

2

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18 June 2017

page(s)

151-163

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Diversity of V3 region sequences of human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 from the central African Republic

18 June 2017

cites work

1 reference

12 December 2020

Presence of diverse human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral variants in Cameroon

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12 December 2020

HIV infection and HIV-1 clades among pregnant women in Harare, Zimbabwe.

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12 December 2020

Full genome sequences of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes G and A/G intersubtype recombinants

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12 December 2020

Origin of HIV Type 1 in Colonial French Equatorial Africa?

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12 December 2020

World Bank allocates funds to help war-torn Sierra Leone fight HIV/AIDS

1 reference

12 December 2020

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) subtype surveillance of African-born persons at risk for group O and group N HIV infections in the United States

1 reference

12 December 2020

Isolation of a simian immunodeficiency virus related to human immunodeficiency virus type 2 from a west African pet sooty mangabey

1 reference

12 December 2020

env sequences of simian immunodeficiency viruses from chimpanzees in Cameroon are strongly related to those of human immunodeficiency virus group N from the same geographic area

1 reference

12 December 2020

HIV-1 Subtype A, D, G, AG and unclassified sequences identified in South Africa

1 reference

12 December 2020

Among 46 near full length HIV type 1 genome sequences from Rakai District, Uganda, subtype D and AD recombinants predominate

1 reference

12 December 2020

Epidemiological portrait of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and its implications in Benin

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12 December 2020

Predominance of HIV-1 among patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex in Ghana.

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12 December 2020

An association between HIV-1 subtypes and mode of transmission in Cape Town, South Africa.

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12 December 2020

Monophyletic HIV type 1 CRF02-AG in a nosocomial outbreak in Benghazi, Libya

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12 December 2020

Virtually full-length subtype F and F/D recombinant HIV-1 from Africa and South America

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12 December 2020

Increase of HIV-1 subtype A in Central African Republic.

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12 December 2020

Serological survey of HIV-1, HIV-2 and human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 for suspected AIDS cases in Ghana.

1 reference

12 December 2020

Most env and gag subtype A HIV-1 viruses circulating in West and West Central Africa are similar to the prototype AG recombinant virus IBNG.

1 reference

12 December 2020

Testing the hypothesis of a recombinant origin of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype E.

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12 December 2020

Epidemiological and molecular characteristics of HIV infection in Gabon, 1986-1994.

1 reference

12 December 2020

Molecular cloning and biological characterization of full-length HIV-1 subtype C from Botswana

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12 December 2020

Presence of multiple non-B subtypes and divergent subtype B strains of HIV-1 in individuals infected after overseas deployment

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12 December 2020

First molecular characterization of HIV-1 Tunisian strains.

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12 December 2020

Identification of a complex env subtype E HIV type 1 virus from the democratic republic of congo, recombinant with A, G, H, J, K, and unknown subtypes

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12 December 2020

Molecular surveillance of HIV-1 field strains in Nigeria in preparation for vaccine trials

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12 December 2020

Unprecedented degree of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group M genetic diversity in the Democratic Republic of Congo suggests that the HIV-1 pandemic originated in Central Africa.

1 reference

12 December 2020

Genetic variation of HIV type 1 in four World Health Organization-sponsored vaccine evaluation sites: generation of functional envelope (glycoprotein 160) clones representative of sequence subtypes A, B, C, and E. WHO Network for HIV Isolation and C

1 reference

12 December 2020

Phylogenetic analysis of 49 newly derived HIV-1 group O strains: high viral diversity but no group M-like subtype structure.

1 reference

12 December 2020

Emergence of new HIV-1 subtypes other than Subtype C among antenatal women in Lusaka, Zambia

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12 December 2020

A complex human immunodeficiency virus type 1 A/G/J recombinant virus isolated from a seronegative patient with AIDS from Benin, West Africa

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12 December 2020

The puzzle of HIV-1 subtypes in Africa

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12 December 2020

Near-full-length genome sequencing of divergent African HIV type 1 subtype F viruses leads to the identification of a new HIV type 1 subtype designated K.

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12 December 2020

Early evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C epidemic in rural Malawi

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12 December 2020

Subtype G and multiple forms of A/G intersubtype recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Nigeria

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12 December 2020

Variation in HIV type 1 V3 region env sequences from Mozambique

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12 December 2020

HIV-1 subtype C in commercial sex workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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12 December 2020

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 intergroup (M/O) recombination in cameroon.

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12 December 2020

Identification of two CRF11-cpx genomes and two preliminary representatives of a new circulating recombinant form (CRF13-cpx) of HIV type 1 in Cameroon.

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12 December 2020

Simplified strategy for detection of recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M isolates by gag/env heteroduplex mobility assay. Study Group on Heterogeneity of HIV Epidemics in African Cities

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12 December 2020

HIV type 1 variation in World Health Organization-sponsored vaccine evaluation sites: genetic screening, sequence analysis, and preliminary biological characterization of selected viral strains. WHO Network for HIV Isolation and Characterization

1 reference

12 December 2020

Understanding the genetic diversity of HIV-1.

1 reference

12 December 2020

Primary infections with HIV-1 of women and their offspring in Rwanda: findings of heterogeneity at seroconversion, coinfection, and recombinants of HIV-1 subtypes A and C.

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12 December 2020

Genetic variability of HIV-1.

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12 December 2020

Molecular characterization of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and -2 in individuals from guinea-bissau with single or dual infections: predominance of a distinct HIV-1 subtype A/G recombinant in West Africa

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12 December 2020

HIV-1 subtypes and the HIV epidemics in four cities in sub-Saharan Africa

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12 December 2020

Prevalence of infection with HIV, hepatitis B and C viruses, in four high risk groups in Eritrea

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12 December 2020

Molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 subtypes in equatorial guinea

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12 December 2020

Sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus from macaque and its relationship to other human and simian retroviruses

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12 December 2020

Distribution of HIV-1 subtypes among HIV-seropositive patients in the interior of Côte d'Ivoire

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12 December 2020

Genotypic and phenotypic analysis of HIV type 1 primary isolates from western Cameroon

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12 December 2020

HIV-1 subtypes in different risk groups in South Africa

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12 December 2020

A predominantly HIV type 1 subtype C-restricted epidemic in South African urban populations

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12 December 2020

Naturally occurring decreased susceptibility of HIV-1 subtype G to protease inhibitors

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12 December 2020

Evidence of two distinct subsubtypes within the HIV-1 subtype A radiation.

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12 December 2020

Study of HIV type 1 gag/env variability in The Gambia, using a multiplex DNA polymerase chain reaction

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12 December 2020

Susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group O isolates to antiretroviral agents: in vitro phenotypic and genotypic analyses

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12 December 2020

Genetic analysis of HIV type 2 from Ghana and Guinea-Bissau, West Africa

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12 December 2020

The identification of a complex A/G/I/J recombinant HIV type 1 virus in various West African countries

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12 December 2020

HIV-1 subtype H near-full length genome reference strains and analysis of subtype-H-containing inter-subtype recombinants

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12 December 2020

The seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) in patients with tuberculosis at the National Hospital of Niamey, Niger (1990-1991)

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12 December 2020

Genetic variability of HIV type 1 in Bénin

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12 December 2020

HIV type 1 group M clades infecting subjects from rural villages in equatorial rain forests of Cameroon

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12 December 2020

HIV-1 and HIV-2 seropositivity among AIDS cases in Guinea.

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12 December 2020

HIV type 1 strains from East and West Africa are intermixed in Sudan

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12 December 2020

Infection by the human immunodeficiency virus in the Republic of Djibouti: literature review and regional data

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12 December 2020

Predominance of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 subtype B in Abidjan, Ivory Coast

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12 December 2020

Evolution of human immunodeficiency virus subtype A in women seroconverting post partum and in their offspring post-natally infected by ingestion of breast milk

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12 December 2020

[Epidemiology of infections caused by HIV-1, HIV-2 and HTLV-1 in the republic of Chad]

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12 December 2020

Sequence specificity of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (hiv-2) long terminal repeat u3 region in vivo allows subtyping of the principal hiv-2 viral subtypes a and b.

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12 December 2020

Unequal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase error rates with RNA and DNA templates

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12 December 2020

Predominance of HIV type 1 subtype G among commercial sex workers from Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

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12 December 2020

Genetic subtypes of HIV type 1 and HIV type 2 strains in commercial sex workers from Bamako, Mali.

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12 December 2020

Characterization of a highly replicative intergroup M/O human immunodeficiency virus type 1 recombinant isolated from a Cameroonian patient.

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12 December 2020

Epidemic transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in renal dialysis centers in Egypt.

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12 December 2020

Variability among HIV and SIV strains of African origin

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12 December 2020

Phenotypic characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C isolates of Ethiopian AIDS patients

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12 December 2020

Molecular analyses of HIV-1 group O and HIV-2 variants from Africa

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12 December 2020

Forty-one near full-length HIV-1 sequences from Kenya reveal an epidemic of subtype A and A-containing recombinants

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12 December 2020

HIV type 1 genetic variability in the northern part of Cameroon

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12 December 2020

Predominance of CRF02-AG and CRF06-cpx in Niger, West Africa

1 reference

12 December 2020

Dating the common ancestor of SIVcpz and HIV-1 group M and the origin of HIV-1 subtypes using a new method to uncover clock-like molecular evolution

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12 December 2020

Using human immunodeficiency virus type 1 sequences to infer historical features of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome epidemic and human immunodeficiency virus evolution

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12 December 2020

Isolation and characterization of a new subtype A variant of human immunodeficiency virus type I from Nigeria.

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12 December 2020

Molecular genotyping of HIV-1 in 61 patients with AIDS from Lomé, Togo

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12 December 2020

Characterization of full-length HIV type 1 subtype C sequences from South Africa

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12 December 2020

Phylogenetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus 1 in Ghana

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12 December 2020

HIV-1 subtype J recombinant viruses in Spain

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12 December 2020

AIDS as a zoonosis: scientific and public health implications

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12 December 2020

HIV population dynamics in vivo: implications for genetic variation, pathogenesis, and therapy

1 reference

12 December 2020

Origin of HIV-1 in the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes troglodytes

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12 December 2020

Identification of a new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 distinct from group M and group O.

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12 December 2020

Analysis of partial pol and env sequences indicates a high prevalence of HIV type 1 recombinant strains circulating in Gabon

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12 December 2020

Advances in understanding the evolution of HIV.

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12 December 2020

HLA-B*5703 independently associated with slower HIV-1 disease progression in Rwandan women.

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12 December 2020

Molecular characterization of a highly divergent HIV type 1 isolate obtained early in the AIDS epidemic from the Democratic Republic of Congo

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12 December 2020

High proportion of unrelated HIV-1 intersubtype recombinants in the Mbeya region of southwest Tanzania

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12 December 2020

HIV-1 genetic diversity

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12 December 2020

The AG recombinant IbNG and novel strains of group M HIV-1 are common in Cameroon

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12 December 2020

Simultaneous isolation of HIV-1 and HIV-2 from an AIDS patient

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12 December 2020

Specificity and mechanism of error-prone replication by human immunodeficiency virus-1 reverse transcriptase

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12 December 2020

The public health significance of HIV-1 subtypes

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12 December 2020

Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of HIV type 1 env subtypes in Ghana, west Africa

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12 December 2020

Molecular characterization of a recombinant HIV type 1 isolate (A/G/E/?): unidentified regions may be derived from parental subtype E sequences

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12 December 2020

Molecular evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype A in Senegal: 1988-1997.

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12 December 2020

Molecular cloning and phylogenetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C: a set of 23 full-length clones from Botswana

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12 December 2020

Genetic subtypes of HIV type 1 in Republic of Congo

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12 December 2020

HIV-1 group O and group M dual infection in Bénin

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12 December 2020

Detection of HIV-1 subtypes, recombinants, and dual infections in east Africa by a multi-region hybridization assay

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12 December 2020

Rare and new V3 loop variants in HIV-1-positive long-term non-progressors from Rwanda

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12 December 2020

Genetic characterization of HIV type 1 from migrant workers in three South African gold mines

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12 December 2020

Genetic diversity of HIV-1: the moving target.

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12 December 2020

Identification of HIV-1 Subtype G from Uganda

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12 December 2020

Detection of southern African human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes by polymerase chain reaction: evaluation of different primer pairs and conditions

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12 December 2020

Genetic characterization of HIV type 1 and type 2 from Bissau, Guinea-Bissau (West Africa).

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12 December 2020

Genetic diversity of HIV-1 group M from Cameroon and Republic of Congo

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12 December 2020

HIV-1 diversity in Morocco

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12 December 2020

Characterization of the V3 region of HIV type 1 isolates from Morocco

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12 December 2020

Timing the ancestor of the HIV-1 pandemic strains

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12 December 2020

Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype on HIV antibody detection in Burkina Faso

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12 December 2020

Geographical distribution of HIV-1 group O viruses in Africa

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12 December 2020

Seroprevalence of HIV-1, HIV-2, and HIV-1 group O in Nigeria: evidence for a growing increase of HIV infection

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12 December 2020

HIV type 1 A/J recombinant with a pronounced pol gene mosaicism

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12 December 2020

Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of env subtypes G and H in central Africa

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12 December 2020

Identification of env subtypes in fourteen HIV type 1 isolates from south Africa

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12 December 2020

A novel subtype A/G/J recombinant full-length HIV type 1 genome from Burkina Faso

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12 December 2020

Evidence of the existence of a new circulating recombinant form of HIV type 1 subtype A/J in Cameroon. The European Network on the Study of In Utero Transmission of HIV-1.

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12 December 2020

Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) seroprevalence and characterization of a distinct HIV-2 genetic subtype from the natural range of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected sooty mangabeys.

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12 December 2020

Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and type 2 and dual infection: a cohort study in Banfora, Burkina Faso

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12 December 2020

Near full-length clones and reference sequences for subtype C isolates of HIV type 1 from three different continents.

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12 December 2020

Serological and molecular screening for viruses in blood donors from Ntcheu, Malawi: high prevalence of HIV-1 subtype C and of markers of hepatitis B and C viruses

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12 December 2020

HIV infection in Madagascar in 1995

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12 December 2020

Identification of a novel clade of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Democratic Republic of Congo

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12 December 2020

Identification of all HIV type 1 group M subtypes in Senegal, a country with low and stable seroprevalence

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12 December 2020

Mortality of HIV-1, HIV-2 and HIV-1/HIV-2 dually infected patients in a clinic-based cohort in The Gambia

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12 December 2020

Evolution and probable transmission of intersubtype recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in a Zambian couple

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12 December 2020

HIV-1 genetic variability in Cameroon

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12 December 2020

Common genetic arrangements among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype A and D recombinant genomes vertically transmitted in Tanzania

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12 December 2020

Molecular epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission in a heterosexual cohort of discordant couples in Zambia

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12 December 2020

Genetic analysis of HIV type 2 in monotypic and dual HIV infections

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12 December 2020

Risk to human health from a plethora of simian immunodeficiency viruses in primate bushmeat

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12 December 2020

Predominance of subtype A and G HIV type 1 in Nigeria, with geographical differences in their distribution

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12 December 2020

The heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 epidemic in Thailand is caused by an intersubtype (A/E) recombinant of African origin

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12 December 2020

Recombination in AIDS viruses

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12 December 2020

Genetic subtypes of HIV type 1 based on the vpu/env sequences in the Republic of Congo

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12 December 2020

The prevalence of antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2 in onchocerciasis-endemic rural areas in southern Benin

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12 December 2020

Genetic analysis of hiv type 1 strains in bujumbura (burundi): predominance of subtype c variant

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12 December 2020

Molecular characterization of an HIV type 1 isolate from Burundi

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12 December 2020

Full-length genome sequencing of HIV type 1 group O viruses isolated from a heterosexual transmission cluster in Senegal

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12 December 2020

Activity of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors against HIV-2 and SIV

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12 December 2020

Trends of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection in female prostitutes and males diagnosed with a sexually transmitted disease in Djibouti, east Africa.

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12 December 2020

Origins and evolution of AIDS viruses

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12 December 2020

Genetic heterogeneity of HIV type 1 subtypes in Kimpese, rural Democratic Republic of Congo

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12 December 2020

Genetic diversity of the envelope glycoprotein from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates of African origin

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12 December 2020

HIV-1 and HIV-2 seroprevalence and risk factors among hospital outpatients in the Eastern Region of Ghana, West Africa

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12 December 2020

[Surveillance of HIV seroprevalence in Mauritania]

1 reference

12 December 2020

Timing of the HIV-1 subtype C epidemic in Ethiopia based on early virus strains and subsequent virus diversification

1 reference

12 December 2020

Identification of a new circulating recombinant form of HIV type 1, CRF11-cpx, involving subtypes A, G, J, and CRF01-AE, in Central Africa

1 reference

12 December 2020

A new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 circulating recombinant form from Tanzania

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12 December 2020

Prevalence of serum antibodies against bloodborne and sexually transmitted agents in selected groups in Somalia

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12 December 2020

Predominance of infection with HIV-1 circulating recombinant form CRF02_AG in major Cameroonian cities and towns

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12 December 2020

An African HIV-1 sequence from 1959 and implications for the origin of the epidemic

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12 December 2020

Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 subtype C from Uganda

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12 December 2020

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group m protease in cameroon: genetic diversity and protease inhibitor mutational features

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12 December 2020

AIDS and HIV infection in the Federal Islamic Republic of Comores (1988-1995)

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12 December 2020

Subtypes of HIV-1 and the impact of dual infections of HIV-1 and measles virus on micronutrient levels of pregnant women in Harare, Zimbabwe

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12 December 2020

Full-length genome analysis of HIV-1 subtype C utilizing CXCR4 and intersubtype recombinants isolated in South Africa

1 reference

12 December 2020

CRF06-cpx: a new circulating recombinant form of HIV-1 in West Africa involving subtypes A, G, K, and J.

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12 December 2020

Human infection by genetically diverse SIVSM-related HIV-2 in west Africa

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12 December 2020

HIV type 1 envelope subtype C sequences from recent seroconverters in Zimbabwe.

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12 December 2020

Evaluation of HIV type 1 group O isolates: identification of five phylogenetic clusters

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12 December 2020

HIV Type 1 Variation in World Health Organization-Sponsored Vaccine Evaluation Sites: Genetic Screening, Sequence Analysis, and Preliminary Biological Characterization of Selected Viral Strains

1 reference

12 December 2020

Identifiers

DOI

10.1023/A:1023435429841

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Dimensions Publication ID

18 June 2017

1008265891

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