(Q33668263)

28 July 2017

title

Embodying inequality: a review of concepts, measures, and methods for studying health consequences of discrimination (English)

1 reference

28 July 2017

1

N Krieger

1 reference

28 July 2017

publication date

1 January 1999

1 reference

International Journal of Health Services

28 July 2017

published in

1 reference

28 July 2017

volume

29

1 reference

28 July 2017

issue

2

1 reference

28 July 2017

page(s)

295-352

1 reference

Shades of difference: theoretical underpinnings of the medical controversy on black/white differences in the United States, 1830-1870.

28 July 2017

cites work

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

US Socioeconomic and Racial Differences in Health: Patterns and Explanations

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Racial differences in health: not just black and white, but shades of gray

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Epidemiology and the web of causation: has anyone seen the spider?

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Reframing women's risk: social inequalities and HIV infection

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Sex and gender bias in animal research and in clinical studies of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and depression

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Social Stress: Theory and Research

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Lesbian health care research: a review of the literature from 1970 to 1990.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Race and health care--an American dilemma?

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Effects of ageism on individual and health care providers' responses to healthy aging

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Under the shadow of Tuskegee: African Americans and health care

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Acceptance of disability and its correlates

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Race/ethnicity, the social environment, and health

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Social class and racial differences in blood pressure

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Racial and socioeconomic disparities in childhood mortality in Boston

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Social class and black-white differences in breast cancer survival.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Excess mortality in Harlem

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Socioeconomic factors and cancer incidence among blacks and whites

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Excess mortality among blacks and whites in the United States

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Race, Class, and Environmental Health: A Review and Systematization of the Literature

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Environmental racism and public health

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Effects of race and income on mortality and use of services among Medicare beneficiaries

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Racial Variation in the Use of Coronary-Revascularization Procedures — Are the Differences Real? Do They Matter?

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status: measurement and methodological issues

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Race and health: Basic questions, emerging directions

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

The biological concept of race and its application to public health and epidemiology

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Mortality among infants of black as compared with white college-educated parents

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Preterm delivery and low birth weight among first-born infants of black and white college graduates

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Detection bias in the diagnostic pursuit of lung cancer

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Measuring social class in US public health research: concepts, methodologies, and guidelines

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Measuring social inequalities in health in the United States: a historical review, 1900-1950.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

The measurement of social class in epidemiology

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Women and social class: a methodological study comparing individual, household, and census measures as predictors of black/white differences in reproductive history

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Importance of childhood socioeconomic status on the current prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Biological Patterns in Hypertension by Race, Sex, Body Weight, and Skin Color

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Socio-Ecological Stress, Suppressed Hostility, Skin Color, and Black-White Male Blood Pressure: Detroit

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Hypertension: effects of social class and racial admixture: the results of a cohort study in the black population of Charleston, South Carolina.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Skin Color among American Blacks

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Skin color, aging, and plasma L-dopa levels

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

The association of skin color with blood pressure in US blacks with low socioeconomic status.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Skin color and body size as risk factors for osteoporosis

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Skin colour, measures of socioeconomic status, and blood pressure among blacks in Erie County, NY.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Association between skin color and intraocular pressure in African Americans

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Social class, admixture, and skin color variation in Mexican-Americans and Anglo-Americans living in San Antonio, Texas

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

John Henryism and blood pressure differences among black men. II. The role of occupational stressors

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Lifestyle, stress, and blood pressure in a southern black community

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

The Schedule of Racist Events: A Measure of Racial Discrimination and a Study of Its Negative Physical and Mental Health Consequences

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Racial Differences in Physical and Mental Health: Socio-economic Status, Stress and Discrimination.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Minority stress and mental health in gay men.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Prevalence and health implications of anti-gay discrimination: a study of black and white women and men in the CARDIA cohort. Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

The impact of perceived discrimination on the intimate relationships of black lesbians

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Exposure, susceptibility, and breast cancer risk: a hypothesis regarding exogenous carcinogens, breast tissue development, and social gradients, including black/white differences, in breast cancer incidence

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Relative deprivation theory and responses to discrimination in a gay male and lesbian sample

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Documenting prejudice against lesbians and gay men on campus: the Yale Sexual Orientation Survey

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Resentful and Reflective Coping with Arbitrary Authority and Blood Pressure: Detroit

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Depressive distress among homosexually active African American men and women

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Cardiovascular risk factors in young adults. The CARDIA baseline monograph.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Socioeconomic determinants of white and black males' life expectancy differentials, 1980.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Segregation, poverty, and empowerment: health consequences for African Americans

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

U.S. apartheid and the spread of AIDS to the suburbs: a multi-city analysis of the political economy of spatial epidemic threshold

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

A Methodological Analysis of Segregation Indexes

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Income distribution and mortality: cross sectional ecological study of the Robin Hood index in the United States

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Inequality in income and mortality in the United States: analysis of mortality and potential pathways

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Health and social cohesion: why care about income inequality?

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Socioeconomic determinants of health: community marginalisation and the diffusion of disease and disorder in the United States

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

The age of extremes: concentrated affluence and poverty in the twenty-first century

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

21 January 2018

Health and human rights

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Income inequality and mortality: why are they related?

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Ecological Correlations and the Behavior of Individuals

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Bringing context back into epidemiology: variables and fallacies in multilevel analysis.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Poverty and health. Prospective evidence from the Alameda County Study

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Overcoming the absence of socioeconomic data in medical records: validation and application of a census-based methodology

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Economic deprivation and early childhood development

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Violence by male partners against women during the childbearing year: a contextual analysis.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Neighborhood environments and coronary heart disease: a multilevel analysis

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Stress and the biology of inequality

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

The patterning of health by social position in contemporary Britain: directions for sociological research

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Social analysis of collective health in Latin America

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

The AIDS epidemic among blacks and Hispanics

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Blood lead levels in the US population. Phase 1 of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988 to 1991)

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

The relationship of anger expression to health problems among black Americans in a national survey

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Protective and Damaging Effects of Stress Mediators

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Factors affecting alcohol consumption in black women. Part II.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Prevalence of Hypertension in the US Adult Population : Results From the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1991

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Effects of gender and ethnic group on blood pressure control in the elderly

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Scientific racism: reflections on peer review, science and ideology

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, 1932 to 1972: implications for HIV education and AIDS risk education programs in the black community

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Man-made medicine and women's health: the biopolitics of sex/gender and race/ethnicity

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

The Bell Curve: on race, social class, and epidemiologic research

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Health Care Needs of Gay Men and Lesbians in the United States

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Sex and gender bias in anatomy and physical diagnosis text illustrations.

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

A two way view of gender bias in medicine

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Interpreting the evidence: competing paradigms and the emergence of lesbian and gay suicide as a "social fact".

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

“Race” in the Epidemiologic Literature: An Examination of the American Journal of Epidemiology, 1921–1990

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

John Henryism and the health of African-Americans

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

The meaning of race in science--considerations for cancer research: concerns of special populations in the National Cancer Program

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Sexual abuse of children: prevalence, effects, and treatment

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

Development of the perceptions of racism scale

21 January 2018

1 reference

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.2190%2FM11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

10.2190/M11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q

21 January 2018

Identifiers

DOI

1 reference

28 July 2017

1 reference