Wikidata:Data leksikografi/Glosarium

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Wikidata:Lexicographical data

• Bentuk (atau Bentukan) di sini didefinisikan sebagai realisasi dari sebuah leksem. Dalam bahasa-bahasa Eropa hal ini dapat berupa infleksi dan deklensi. Dalam bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa-bahasa daerah di Indonesia, bentukan-bentukan yang ada dapat didefinisikan sendiri, sebagai contoh, dalam bahasa Indonesia, semua kemungkinan afiksasi dari suatu leksem.

Peranan masing-masing bentukan ditandai oleh fitur tata bahasanya. Sebuah bentukan adalah sub-entitas yang memiliki sebuah ID, sebuah representasi, daftar (boleh kosong) fitur tata bahasa, dan daftar pernyataan bentukan.

ID sebuah bentukan menggunakan format Lxxx-F1, Lxxx-F2, dan seterusnya. (Catatan: apabila karena suatu hal F1 dihapus, maka ketika membuat bentukan baru, maka otomatis akan menggunakan ID F2. F1 tidak akan bisa digunakan lagi 🤷‍♂️)

• Form statement: A statement describing the form or its relations to other forms or items (e.g. IPA, pronunciation audio).
• Gloss: A natural-language definition of a sense (see gloss (Q1132324)). A gloss is a non-empty unordered set of pairs, each of which contains a string and gloss language. Both the whole pair and its string part may be called a Gloss (narrow sense). It provides definition in various languages. For example, a French word may have a gloss in French, in additional to a gloss in German.
• Gloss language or Language of Gloss is represented as a language code.
• Grammatical feature: A specification of the conditions or the syntactic roles in which the form is used. Grammatical features are represented as an unordered (possibly empty) set of items.
• Bahasa adalah istilah yang diterapkan secara berbeda di bagian data leksikografis yang berbeda; lihat bahasa glos and bahasa leksem.
• Language code: A code that assigns letters or numbers as identifiers or classifiers for languages (see language identifier (Q2092812)). The valid language codes in lexicographical data are mostly a subset of valid (BCP 47) IETF language tag (Q1059900) and a superset of label languages. It may have an optional private-use subtag in format -x-Q######.
• Lemma: The canonical, dictionary, or citation form of a word (see lemma (Q18514)). For example, "run", "runs", "ran", and "running" are forms of the same lexeme, with "run" as the lemma. Lemmas are not simple strings, but a non-empty unordered set of strings with optional spelling variant pairs, and each of the pairs or the string parts thereof may also be called a Lemma (narrow sense). Therefore, a lemma can include words in multiple orthographies. For example, the Lemma for the English noun color would include "colour" for British English as well as "color" for American English.
• Lexeme: A lexical element of a language, such as a word, a phrase, or a prefix (see lexeme (Q111352)). It consists of a set of forms taken by a single word in one language, and words in any variant orthographies thereof. For example, the English nouns "color" and "colour" and their plural forms "colors" and "colours" are considered as one lexeme, while English noun "color" and verb "color" are two lexemes. Every lexeme is an entity and is stored in a page in the "Lexeme" namespace. A lexeme includes a prefixed id (like L123), a lemma, a lexeme language, a lexical category, a list of lexeme statements, a list of forms, and a list of senses.
• Bahasa leksem ditandai dengan sebuah butir.
• Lexeme statement: A statement not specific to a Form or Sense (e.g. derived from grammatical gender or syntactic function)
• Kategori leksikal (atau kelas kata) adalah sebuah cara klasifikasi leksem yang digunakan oleh Wikidata untuk mengkategorikan leksem dengan properti tata bahasa yang sama (lihat part of speech (Q82042)). Untuk macam-macam kelas kata yang digunakan di sebuah leksem, misalnya, noun (Q1084) dan verb (Q24905), lihat di Wikidata:Lexicographical data/Documentation/Languages/id#Lexical categories.
• Representation: The text of a form. Like lemmas, representations are not simple strings, but a non-empty unordered set of string/spelling variant pairs, each of the pairs or string part thereof may also be called a Representation (narrow sense).
• Sense: A meaning of a lexeme which it may represent in a text. Any number of senses may be defined, although every lexeme should have at least one. A sense is a subentity. It includes an ID, a gloss and a list of sense statements. Senses have IDs starting with the ID of the lexeme they belong to, followed by a hyphen ("-") and an "S", followed by a natural number in decimal notation: e.g. L123-S4.
• Sense statement: A statement describing the sense and its relations to senses and items (e.g. translation, synonym, antonym, connotation).
• Spelling variant: The specific orthography of a lemma or representation, for example British English (en-gb) and American English (en-us) are different spelling variants. A spelling variant is represented as a language code.
• Subentity: A form or a sense. They are a special kind of an entity and may be used in statements, but they do not have their own pages. Instead, all the information of a subentity is stored in the page of the lexeme that a subentity belongs to. Each subentity functionally depends on a single lexeme.