This page is a translated version of the page Help:Merge and the translation is 32% complete.
Outdated translations are marked like this.

Uma fusão realiza-se quando dois ou mais elementos existentes na Wikidata tratam do mesmo tema, conceito ou objeto. trata-se de um processo em vários passos: primeiro faz falta reunir todos os dados dos elementos numa sozinha página (elemento receptor), e finalmente redirecionar a página obsoleta à nova.

Uma fusão pode ser realizada tanto de maneira automática como manual, transladando os links de sites de lugar e as declarações para um iten, e redirecionar depois o elemento ou elementos obsoletos. As fusões automáticas com o gadget de fusão são mais fáceis de processar.

Esta guia explica como habilitar as fusões automáticas mediante a ativação do gadget "Fundir" nas suas preferências, ou utilizando a ferramenta Special:MergeItems. Se isto falhar, também explica os passos que faz falta seguir para realizar uma fusão manual.

If you have any questions about merging items, feel free to ask them on the Project Chat.

Comprova que estás seguro

Assegura-te que os itens tratam realmente do mesmo tema, conceito ou objecto. poderia ter pequenas diferenças que fariam necessária a existência de dois ou mais itens.

Exemplos

en:tree → de:Baum (Palavra Alemã para árvore)
Merge?  Y
Reason: Os sites são sobre o mesmo conceito (tree) e portanto não faz falta fusionar-los no elemento (multilingue) iten, tree (Q10884)
en:tree → de:Eichen (palavra em alemão para "carvalho")
Merge?  Y
Reason: os elementos tratam de conceitos similares mas subtilment diferentes, e portanto têm de seguir separados em dois elementos, tree (Q10884) e Quercus (Q12004), respectivamente
Miller (family name) → Miller (disambiguation page)
Merge?  Y
Reason: These are different concepts, even if some Wikipedia articles include family names on disambiguation pages. They should remain separate as two items; Miller (Q1605060) and Miller (Q304896), respectively

Se não estás seguro (por exemplo, devido a dificuldades na tradução de vários idiomas), ou vos encontrais com links de site que parecem incoherentes, é melhor que comentais o problema a conflitos interwiki.

Fusão automática

 
Enabling the Merge gadget
 
Using the Merge gadget, first step
 
Utilização do Merge gadget

Há duas maneiras de realizar uma fusão automática: O Merge gadget ou a página especial "Merge two items".

Tenha em conta que, apesar que as fusões automáticas parar-se-ão se se produzir um conflito interwiki, tens de comprovar igualmente que os elementos são os mesmos, já que as ferramentas simplesmente realizam a fusão que vós decidistes fazer.

Gadget

Merge.js é um gadget realizado por Ebrahim que ajuda a transladar os links de sites, as etiquetas, as descrições, os alias, e as declarações com referências.

Para habilitar esta função, abre as Preferências, seleciona Gadgets, marca o botão Merge e faz clique ao botão Salvar. Para utilizá-la, abre o elemento recetor ou o obsoleto, vai ao menu desplegável à esquerda de "Procura" na barra superior e seleciona "Fusiona-o com..." e introduza o identificador do outro elemento no auxiliar de fusão. Finalmente, faz clique a "Fusiona".

Especial:FusionaItems

Também podes utilizar a página Special:MergeItems para pôr em marcha a fusão de dois itens: todas as etiquetas, descrições, alias, links de site e declarações transladar-se-ão de um elemento ao outro. Introduza o Q#### (não as etiquetas) no campos correspondentes: o do elemento receptor (para o qual faz-se a fusão) e o do obsoleto (desde o qual faz-se a fusão).

If you need assistance with the special page, please use Wikidata:Project chat.

Special:MergeLexemes

Special:MergeLexemes can be used to trigger a merge of two lexemes if (only if) the lemma, the language and the lexical category are identical. If one of them isn't identical, it may be that this can be corrected first.

Enter the L#### in the fields specifying which is the recipient lexeme ("The ID to merge to") and which is the obsolete lexeme ("The id to merge from").

QuickStatements

A ferramenta QuickStatements 2 (Q29032512), e a sua antecessora, QuickStatements (Q20084080), permite aos usuários de unir uma quantidade de itens. Veja as instruções.

Marque como duplicado

If two items can't be merged because of two different articles at a Wikipedia, these can be marked for merging with markasduplicate.js.

The script also adds instance of (P31) = Wikimedia duplicated page (Q17362920) to the redundant item.

Manual merge: step by step

If there is a sitelink conflict, items can't be merged as only one link per site is possible.

Until the two pages at the site (e.g. articles at English language Wikipedia) are merged, two items have to be kept at Wikidata.

  1. One of the two items should be marked with instance of (P31)Wikimedia duplicated page (Q17362920) and qualifier of (P642)the other (main) item. Usually the more recent item should be marked. Wikidata:Database reports/Identified duplicates lists all such items.
  2. Statements, other sitelinks and labels/descriptions can be moved from the redundant item to the main item.
  3. Once the articles at the site are merged, the two items can be merged and instance of (P31)Wikimedia duplicated page (Q17362920) deleted.

Note the tool Mark as duplicate above.

If the sitelink conflict is due to an article and a redirect pointing to the same article, the redirect can be removed and the items merged.

A Wikidata item can only have one Wikipedia link so it's not possible to re-add both links after merging. If one link is to a redirect and the other is to a proper Wikipedia article, then remove the link to the redirect and merge. If, however, both links are to proper Wikipedia articles, you should not leave any of those Wikipedia articles without a linked Wikidata item. Sometimes that means moving the Wikipedia link to a more appropriate item. Other times it means asking in Wikipedia for the articles to be merged when they are duplicates. If Wikipedia doesn't merge their articles, we don't merge the items here on Wikidata.

Encontrando elementos para fundir

Now that you know how to merge, you can make use of your new skill at various places on Wikidata where potential duplicates are found/listed. These places include:

Wikidata:The Game

Wikimedia tool which has gamified the merging process, offering candidate pages to potentially be merged by the user

User:Ivan A. Krestinin/To merge

lists of merge candidates based on similar page title strings

Projectmerge

lists of merge candidates based on sitelink names being identical

Commonsmerge and Uniquemerge

lists of merge candidates based on values of a property being same in two items

Bene's Lonely Items tool

finds items containing only one sitelink to a Wikimedia site (which therefore may need to be merged with other items linked to different Wikimedia language versions of the same page)

Not in the other language

lists items in a given category that are linked to articles in Wikipedia A but not in Wikipedia B

Constraint violations

summary of constraint violations for properties; in particular, "Unique value" violations may indicate a duplication

Wikidata:True duplicates

list of items having at least one sitelink which is due to a bug used in another item

Wikidata:Database reports/identical birth and death dates

based on date of birth (P569) and date of death (P570)

Wikidata:Database reports/Identified duplicates

items with Wikimedia duplicated page (Q17362920) waiting for Wikipedia to merge

Wikidata:VIAF/cluster/linking to multiple Wikidata items

items which, according to VIAF (see VIAF ID (P214)), are related to the same person - VIAF may sometimes be wrong

Other pages and projects in the Category:Merge candidates

Feel free to add any more useful pages or delete ones that are not actively updated!

Unmerging

Canceling a wrong merge could be done in a few steps:

  1. Go to the history page of the item onto which the merge has been done and restore the revision just before the merge.
  2. Go to the history page of the merged item and restore the revision just before the merge.

The order is important (especially if the item has sitelinks) because articles can be linked to at most one item. So they should first be deleted on the item which got all the linked before they could be restored on the other one.

Some bots (KrBot for example) are known to replace the redirected items in statements with their target redirects a certain period of time (24 hours for KrBot) after the merge. The next step is to ping bot owners (like Ivan A. Krestinin) so they can run the code to cancel the if that period of time passed and some bot did the substitution, so that the statements can be restored with the right item.

On a closely related topic, the help page Help:Split an item will help you if the item has not been merged but if statements on two topics are mixed-up on a unique item for some reason. It has guidelines on how to divide the statements on two items without re-entering the information by hand.

Ver também

Para páginas de Ajuda relacionadas, veja:

For additional information and guidance, see:

  • Project chat, for discussing all and any aspects of Wikidata
  • Wikidata:Glossary, the glossary of terms used in this and other Help pages
  • Help:FAQ, frequently asked questions asked and answered by the Wikidata community
  • Help:Contents, the Help portal featuring all the documentation available for Wikidata